ArticleGenetics2009
The decay of the chromosomally encoded ccdO157 toxin-antitoxin system in the Escherichia coli species.
Article in Genetics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acquisition and erosion of toxin-antitoxin systems in bacterial chromosomes.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Friend or Foe: Protein Inhibitors of DNA Gyrase.Biology · 2024Review
- Bacterial Toxin-Antitoxin Systems' Cross-Interactions-Implications for Practical Use in Medicine and Biotechnology.Toxins · 2023Review
- Biology and evolution of bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2022Review
- Characterization of DinJ-YafQ toxin-antitoxin module in Tetragenococcus halophilus: activity, interplay, and evolution.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Article
- Review
- Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin systems in Pseudomonas putida are rather selfish than beneficial.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Systems: Evolution and Revolutions.Journal of bacteriology · 2020Review
- Repertoire and Diversity of Toxin - Antitoxin Systems of Crohn's Disease-Associated Adherent-InvasiveFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Characterization and comparative analysis of toxin-antitoxin systems in Acetobacter pasteurianus.Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology · 2019Article
- Contribution of the ChromosomalJournal of bacteriology · 2017Article
- Why so narrow: Distribution of anti-sense regulated, type I toxin-antitoxin systems compared with type II and type III systems.RNA biology · 2017Review
- Desperate times call for desperate measures: benefits and costs of toxin-antitoxin systems.Current genetics · 2017Review
- Diversity, Prevalence, and Longitudinal Occurrence of Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Systems ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Keeping the Wolves at Bay: Antitoxins of Prokaryotic Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Systems.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2016Review
- Intrastrand triplex DNA repeats in bacteria: a source of genomic instability.Nucleic acids research · 2015Article
- The mazEF toxin-antitoxin system as an attractive target in clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis.Drug design, development and therapy · 2015Article
- Cell growth inhibition upon deletion of four toxin-antitoxin loci from the megaplasmids of Sinorhizobium meliloti.Journal of bacteriology · 2014Article
- Review
- MazF6 toxin of Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrates antitoxin specificity and is coupled to regulation of cell growth by a Soj-like protein.BMC microbiology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The origin and the evolution of toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems remain to be uncovered. TA systems are abundant in bacterial chromosomes and are thought to be part of the flexible genome that originates from horizontal gene transfer. To gain insight into TA system evolution, we analyzed the distribution of the chromosomally encoded ccdO157 system in 395 natural isolates of Escherichia coli. It was discovered in the E. coli O157:H7 strain in which it constitutes a genomic islet between two core genes (folA and apaH). Our study revealed that the folA-apaH intergenic region is plastic and subject to insertion of foreign DNA. It could be composed (i) of a repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) sequence, (ii) of the ccdO157 system or subtle variants of it, (iii) of a large DNA piece that contained a ccdAO157 antitoxin remnant in association with ORFs of unknown function, or (iv) of a variant of it containing an insertion sequence in the ccdAO157 remnant. Sequence analysis and functional tests of the ccdO157 variants revealed that 69% of the variants were composed of an active toxin and antitoxin, 29% were composed of an active antitoxin and an inactive toxin, and in 2% of the cases both ORFs were inactive. Molecular evolution analysis showed that ccdBO157 is under neutral evolution, suggesting that this system is devoid of any biological role in the E. coli species.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.