ArticleCirculation2009
Diabetes mellitus, preexisting coronary heart disease, and the risk of subsequent coronary heart disease events in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D Study).
Article in Circulation, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02699736 (EuroSIDA Prospective Observational Cohort Study on Clinical and Virological Outcome of European Patients Infected With HIV), which is not on this map. Cited by 49 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
EuroSIDA Prospective Observational Cohort Study on Clinical and Virological Outcome of European Patients Infected With HIV
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterization and risk stratification of coronary artery disease in people living with HIV: a global systematic review.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Noncommunicable diseases among HIV-infected persons in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Pooled it
- HIV disease, metabolic dysfunction and atherosclerosis: A three year prospective study.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Insulin Resistance and Markers of Inflammation in HIV-infected Ugandan Children in the CHAPAS-3 Trial.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2017Trial
- Cardiovascular Outcomes After Acute Coronary Syndrome in Persons Living with HIV: A Scoping Review.Current cardiology reports · 2025Article
- Evolving mechanisms and presentations of cardiovascular disease in people with HIV: implications for management.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Human Endogenous Retrovirus, SARS-CoV-2, and HIV Promote PAH via Inflammation and Growth Stimulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Diabetes in HIV: the Link to Weight Gain.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Cardiovascular risk factors among patients with human immunodeficiency viral infection at a tertiary hospital in Ghana: a cross-sectional study.The Pan African medical journal · 2021Article
- Development of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in people with HIV infection: Prevalence, incidence and associated factors.PloS one · 2021Article
- Cardiovascular, endothelial function, and immune markers in response to treatment with a polysaccharide in HIVJournal of clinical and translational research · 2020Article
- Chronic Total Occlusion of the Left Main Coronary Artery in an HIV-Infected Patient.International medical case reports journal · 2020Article
- Consensus statement on the assessment of comorbidities in people living with HIV in Romania.Germs · 2019Review
- Recommended First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens and Risk of Diabetes Mellitus in HIV-Infected Adults in Resource-Limited Settings.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Characteristics, Prevention, and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in People Living With HIV: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2019Review
- Approaches to Improve the Surveillance, Monitoring, and Management of Noncommunicable Diseases in HIV-Infected Persons: Viewpoint.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2018Article
- Diabetes mellitus in HIV-infected patients: fasting glucose, A1c, or oral glucose tolerance test - which method to choose for the diagnosis?BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Atypical presentation of critical left main disease in an HIV-infected patient.International medical case reports journal · 2018Article
- The Impact of Weight Gain During HIV Treatment on Risk of Pre-diabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular Disease, and Mortality.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Review
- Risk of cardiovascular events from current, recent, and cumulative exposure to abacavir among persons living with HIV who were receiving antiretroviral therapy in the United States: a cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 8 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough guidelines in individuals not infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) consider diabetes mellitus (DM) to be a coronary heart disease (CHD) equivalent, there is little information on its association with CHD in those infected with HIV. We investigated the impact of DM and preexisting CHD on the development of a new CHD episode among 33,347 HIV-infected individuals in the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D Study). METHODS AND
resultsOver 159,971 person-years, 698 CHD events occurred. After adjustment for gender, age, cohort, HIV transmission, ethnicity, family history of CHD, smoking, and calendar year, the rate of a CHD episode was 7.52 times higher (Poisson regression, 95% CI 6.02 to 9.39, P=0.0001) in those with preexisting CHD than in those without preexisting CHD, but it was only 2.41 times higher (95% CI 1.91 to 3.05, P=0.0001) in those with preexisting DM compared with those without DM. No statistical interactions were apparent between either diagnosis and sex; although older people with DM had an increased CHD rate compared with younger people, older people with preexisting CHD had a lower event rate. A statistically significant interaction between preexisting DM and CHD (P=0.003) suggested that the CHD rate in those with preexisting CHD and DM is lower than expected on the basis of the main effects alone.
conclusionsDM and preexisting CHD are both important risk factors for CHD events in HIV-infected individuals. There is a need for targeted interventions to reduce the risk of CHD in both high-risk groups of HIV-infected individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.