Trial reportAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2009
Population pharmacokinetics of high-dose, prolonged-infusion cefepime in adult critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Trial report in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02680600 (Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Cefepime Administrered Intravenously in Intensive Care Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 49 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Cefepime Administrered Intravenously in Intensive Care Patients
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimization of the treatment with beta-lactam antibiotics in critically ill patients-guidelines from the French Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Société Française de Pharmacologie et Thérapeutique-SFPT) and the French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (Société Française d'Anesthésie et Réanimation-SFAR).Critical care (London, England) · 2019Guideline
- Antibiotics in critically ill patients: a systematic review of the pharmacokinetics of β-lactams.Critical care (London, England) · 2011Pooled it
- Adequacy of high-dose cefepime regimen in febrile neutropenic patients with hematological malignancies.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Trial
- Cefepime/enmetazobactam for invasive infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales: a real-world case series.Infection · 2026Article
- Predictive performance of an antibiotic precision dosing software program in critically ill adults with infection.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Defining Optimal Sampling Strategies for Cefepime Model-Informed Precision Dosing.Therapeutic drug monitoring · 2026Article
- Article
- Simulated achievement rate of β-lactams/nacubactam treatment in humans using instantaneous MIC-based PK/PD analysis.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Review
- Extended-Infusion β-Lactam Therapy, Mortality, and Subsequent Antibiotic Resistance Among Hospitalized Adults With Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Covariates in population pharmacokinetic studies of critically ill adults receiving β-lactam antimicrobials: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Review
- In vitro synergy of the combination of sulbactam-durlobactam and cefepime at clinically relevant concentrations against A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa and Enterobacterales.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Article
- In silico evaluation of a beta-lactam dosing guideline among adults with serious infections.Pharmacotherapy · 2023Article
- Cefepime Population Pharmacokinetics, Antibacterial Target Attainment, and Estimated Probability of Neurotoxicity in Critically Ill Patients.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Population pharmacokinetics and target attainment analyses to identify a rational empirical dosing strategy for cefepime in critically ill patients.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Cefepime extended infusion versus intermittent infusion: Clinical and cost evaluation.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2023Article
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Cefepime.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2022Review
- Article
- Beta-Lactams Dosing in Critically Ill Patients with Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections: A PK/PD Approach.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Optimizing Antimicrobial Drug Dosing in Critically Ill Patients.Microorganisms · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A population pharmacokinetic model of cefepime was constructed from data from adult critical care patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). A total of 32 patients treated with high-dose cefepime, 2 g every 8 h (3-h infusion) or a renal function-adjusted equivalent dose, were randomized into two groups--26 for the initial model and 6 for model validation. Serum samples of cefepime were collected at steady state. Nonparametric adaptive grid population modeling was employed using a two-compartment K(slope) pharmacokinetic model relating the elimination rate constant (K(10)) to renal function, as defined by creatinine clearance (CL(CR)), and central distribution volume (V(1)) to total body weight (TBW). The final model was described by the following equations: K(10) = 0.0027 x CL(CR) + 0.071 h(-1) and V(1) = TBW x 0.21 liter/kg. The median intercompartmental transfer constants K(12) and K(21) were 0.780 h(-1) and 0.472 h(-1), respectively. Using these median parameter estimates, the bias, precision, and coefficient of determination for the initial model were 11.3 microg/ml, 24.0 microg/ml, and 26%, respectively. The independent validation group displayed a bias, precision, and coefficient of determination of -1.64 microg/ml, 17.1 microg/ml, and 62%, respectively. Time-concentration profiles were assessed for various dosing regimens, using 5,000-patient Monte Carlo simulations. Among the regimens, the likelihoods of 2 g every 8 h (3-h infusion) achieving free drug concentrations above the MIC for 50% of the dosing interval were 91.8%, 78.1%, and 50.3% for MICs of 8, 16, and 32 microg/ml, respectively. This study provides a pharmacokinetic model capable of predicting cefepime concentrations in critically ill patients with VAP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.