Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19188259›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2009

AID can restrict L1 retrotransposition suggesting a dual role in innate and adaptive immunity.

Donna A MacDuff, Zachary L Demorest, Reuben S Harris

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
8.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. HIV-1 latency: From acquaintance to confidant.Journal of virus eradication · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. APOBECs: Our fickle friends?PLoS pathogens · 2023
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Post-transcriptional regulation of LINE-1 retrotransposition by AID/APOBEC and ADAR deaminases.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2018
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Donna A MacDuffDepartment of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute for Molecular Virology, Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Zachary L Demorest
Reuben S Harris
University of Minnesota · USTwin Cities Orthopedics · US

Funding

APOBEC3 Proteins in HIV RestrictionR37AI064046 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI HARRIS, REUBEN S · 2015 to 2024
$4.2M
APOBEC proteins and uracil in retrovirus restrictionR01AI064046 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI HARRIS, REUBEN S · 2005 to 2014
$3.0M
APOBEC3 Proteins in HIV RestrictionR56AI064046 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI HARRIS, REUBEN S · 2010 to 2010
$524k
The involvement of the TERT-RMRP complex in the cellular functions of TERTF32GM090437 · NIGMS · DANA-FARBER CANCER INST · PI ROSENBLUH, JOSEPH · 2010 to 2011
$104k
NIAID NIH HHS AI064046NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI064046NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI064046NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI064046NIGMS NIH HHS F32 GM090437NIGMS NIH HHS GM090437
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Retrotransposons make up over 40% of the mammalian genome. Some copies are still capable of mobilizing and new insertions promote genetic variation. Several members of the APOBEC3 family of DNA cytosine deaminases function to limit the replication of a variety of retroelements, such as the long-terminal repeat (LTR)-containing MusD and Ty1 elements, and that of the non-LTR retrotransposons, L1 and Alu. However, the APOBEC3 genes are limited to mammalian lineages, whereas retrotransposons are far more widespread. This raises the question of what cellular factors control retroelement transposition in species that lack APOBEC3 genes. A strong phylogenetic case can be made that an ancestral activation-induced deaminase (AID)-like gene duplicated and diverged to root the APOBEC3 lineage in mammals. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that present-day AID proteins possess anti-retroelement activity. We found that AID can inhibit the retrotransposition of L1 through a DNA deamination-independent mechanism. This mechanism may manifest in the cytoplasmic compartment co- or posttranslationally. Together with evidence for AID expression in the ovary, our data combined to suggest that AID has innate immune functions in addition to its integral roles in creating antibody diversity.

Indexed as

Immunity, InnateLong Interspersed Nucleotide ElementsAICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase)Amino Acid SequenceAnimalsAntibody DiversityCell LineCell NucleusCytidine DeaminaseDNAEscherichia coliHumansMiceMolecular Sequence DataMutationPhosphorylationAICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase)Cytidine DeaminaseDNARetroelements

Identifiers

PMID19188259
PMCPMC2665220
OpenAlexW2113050239

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.