ArticleVirology2009
HIV entry in macrophages is dependent on intact lipid rafts.
Article in Virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- The translational landscape of HIV-1 infected cells reveals key gene regulatory principles.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2025Article
- Convergent Evolution Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV Surface Envelope Glycoproteins Driven by Host Cell Surface Receptors and Lipid Rafts: Lessons for the Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Pharmacophore-Oriented Identification of Potential Leads as CCR5 Inhibitors to Block HIV Cellular Entry.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- COVID-19 metabolism: Mechanisms and therapeutic targets.MedComm · 2022Review
- Lipid Raft Integrity and Cellular Cholesterol Homeostasis Are Critical for SARS-CoV-2 Entry into Cells.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Recent Progress in the Discovery and Development of Monoclonal Antibodies against Viral Infections.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Protective effects of statins on COVID-19 risk, severity and fatal outcome: a nationwide Swedish cohort study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The constellation of cholesterol-dependent processes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Progress in lipid research · 2022Review
- Impact of Caveolin-Mediated Endocytosis on the Trafficking of HIV within the Colonic Barrier.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Lipids in Pathophysiology and Development of the Membrane Lipid Therapy: New Bioactive Lipids.Membranes · 2021Review
- Interactions of HIV gp41's membrane-proximal external region and transmembrane domain with phospholipid membranes fromBiochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes · 2021Article
- Beyond pore formation: reorganization of the plasma membrane induced by pore-forming proteins.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Structural Domains of the Herpes Simplex Type 1 gD Protein that Restrict HIV-1 Particle Infectivity.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Endosomal Cholesterol in Viral Infections - A Common Denominator?Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Dopamine Levels Induced by Substance Abuse Alter Efficacy of Maraviroc and Expression of CCR5 Conformations on Myeloid Cells: Implications for NeuroHIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Membrane Rafts: Portals for Viral Entry.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Lipid rafts as a therapeutic target.Journal of lipid research · 2020Review
- The lipid membrane of HIV-1 stabilizes the viral envelope glycoproteins and modulates their sensitivity to antibody neutralization.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
- Modulation of the Cholesterol-Dependent Activity of Macrophages IC-21 by CRAC Peptides with Substituted Motif-Forming Amino Acids.Biochemistry (Moscow) Supplement. Series A, Membrane and cell biology · 2020Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophages are an important natural target cell for HIV-1, but previous studies of virus entry into these cells are limited, and the involvement of membrane cholesterol and lipid rafts is unknown. Cholesterol disruption of macrophage membranes using four pharmacological agents acting by different mechanisms: methyl-beta cyclodextrin, nystatin, filipin complex and Lovastatin, all significantly inhibited productive HIV entry and reverse transcription. The inhibitory effects of these drugs resulted in decreased virus release from infected cells, and could be substantially reversed by the addition of water-soluble cholesterol. The virus bound equally to cholesterol-disrupted cells even though HIV receptor expression levels were significantly reduced. Macrophage CD4 and CCR5 were found to partition with the detergent-resistant membranes with a typical raft-associating protein flotillin-1. HIV particles were observed co-localising with a marker of lipid rafts (CTB-FITC) early post infection. These data suggest that macrophage membrane cholesterol is essential for HIV entry, and implicate lipid raft involvement.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.