ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2009
Intratumoral injection of alpha-gal glycolipids induces a protective anti-tumor T cell response which overcomes Treg activity.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The α-Gal Epitope (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc) as Therapeutic Agent in Cancer Immunotherapy, Vaccine Effectiveness Amplification and Injured Tissue Regeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Sociodemographic determinants and assessment of anti-α-Gal IgG titers in head and neck cancer patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Self-Tumor Antigens in Solid Tumors Turned into Vaccines by α-gal Micelle Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Immunotherapeutic Agents for Intratumoral Immunotherapy.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Antibody production and tolerance to the α-gal epitope as models for understanding and preventing the immune response to incompatible ABO carbohydrate antigens and for α-gal therapies.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- A novel monoclonal IgG1 antibody specific for Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose questions alpha-Gal epitope expression by bacteria.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- PD-1 blockade synergizes with intratumoral vaccination of a therapeutic HPV protein vaccine and elicits regression of tumor in a preclinical model.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Article
- Biosynthesis of α-Gal Epitopes (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-R) and Their Unique Potential in Future α-Gal Therapies.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- A New Humanized Mouse Model Mimics Humans in Lacking α-Gal Epitopes and Secreting Anti-Gal Antibodies.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- AGI-134: a fully synthetic α-Gal glycolipid that converts tumors into in situ autologous vaccines, induces anti-tumor immunity and is synergistic with an anti-PD-1 antibody in mouse melanoma models.Cancer cell international · 2019Article
- Hapten-mediated recruitment of polyclonal antibodies to tumors engenders antitumor immunity.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Phase I study to evaluate toxicity and feasibility of intratumoral injection of α-gal glycolipids in patients with advanced melanoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2016Article
- Amblyomma sculptum tick saliva: α-Gal identification, antibody response and possible association with red meat allergy in Brazil.International journal for parasitology · 2016Article
- Characteristics of α-Gal epitope, anti-Gal antibody, α1,3 galactosyltransferase and its clinical exploitation (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2016Review
- Cancer immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer utilizing α-gal epitope/natural anti-Gal antibody reaction.World journal of gastroenterology · 2015Review
- Article
- Anti-Gal: an abundant human natural antibody of multiple pathogeneses and clinical benefits.Immunology · 2013Review
- Role of α-gal epitope/anti-Gal antibody reaction in immunotherapy and its clinical application in pancreatic cancer.Cancer science · 2013Review
- In situ conversion of tumors into autologous tumor-associated antigen vaccines by intratumoral injection of α-gal glycolipids.Oncoimmunology · 2013Article
- Selective toxicity of rose bengal to ovarian cancer cells in vitro.International journal of physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
alpha-Gal glycolipids capable of converting tumors into endogenous vaccines, have alpha-gal epitopes (Gal alpha 1-3 Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc-R) and are extracted from rabbit RBC membranes. alpha-Gal epitopes bind anti-Gal, the most abundant natural antibody in humans constituting 1% of immunoglobulins. alpha-Gal glycolipids insert into tumor cell membranes, bind anti-Gal and activate complement. The complement cleavage peptides C5a and C3a recruit inflammatory cells and APC into the treated lesion. Anti-Gal further opsonizes the tumor cells and targets them for effective uptake by recruited APC, via Fc gamma receptors. These APC transport internalized tumor cells to draining lymph nodes, and present immunogenic tumor antigen peptides for activation of tumor specific T cells. The present study demonstrates the ability of alpha-gal glycolipids treatment to prevent development of metastases at distant sites and to protect against tumor challenge in the treated mice. Adoptive transfer studies indicate that this protective immune response is mediated by CD8+ T cells, activated by tumor lesions turned vaccine. This T cell activation is potent enough to overcome the suppressive activity of Treg cells present in tumor bearing mice, however it does not elicit an autoimmune response against antigens on normal cells. Insertion of alpha-gal glycolipids and subsequent binding of anti-Gal are further demonstrated with human melanoma cells, suggesting that intratumoral injection of alpha-gal glycolipids is likely to elicit a protective immune response against micrometastases also in cancer patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.