ArticleNeuropsychiatric disease and treatment2008
Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder and reward deficiency syndrome.
Article in Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 238 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Biochemical Effects of Resveratrol Intake on the Neurobehavioral Aspects of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review.Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Pooled it
- Association of Kawasaki disease with intellectual disability, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of game-based digital therapeutics on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents as assessed by parents or teachers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Amphetamines in child medicine: a review of ClinicalTrials.gov.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Curcumin for attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and preliminary behavioral investigation.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Association of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Childhood and Adolescence With the Risk of Subsequent Psychotic Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Structural and Functional Brain Abnormalities in Internet Gaming Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Comparative Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Vitamin D Status and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Pooled it
- Ventral-striatal responsiveness during reward anticipation in ADHD and its relation to trait impulsivity in the healthy population: a meta-analytic review of the fMRI literature.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Pharmacogenetics of naltrexone and disulfiram in alcohol dependent, dually diagnosed veterans.The American journal on addictionsTrial
- Deletion of N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor in dopamine D2 receptor-expressing cells impairs striatal development and dopaminergic function and induces ADHD-like behaviors in mice.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Mediating role of alcohol dependence in the associations between adult ADHD symptoms and a wide range of physical comorbidities.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Development of Risperidone-Loaded Microfibers via Centrifugal Spinning to Enhance the Palatability of a Potential Drug for Autistic Children.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Unraveling Predominantly Inattentive ADHD (ADHD-PI): Insights from Proteomic Analysis of the Striatum of Thyroid Hormone-Responsive Protein (THRSP)-Overexpressing Mice.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- "I Do not have ADHD When I Drive My Truck" Exploring the Temporal Dynamics of ADHD as a Lived Experience.Culture, medicine and psychiatry · 2025Article
- The Human Voice as a Digital Health Solution Leveraging Artificial Intelligence.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Regulation of circadian gene activity in fibroblasts from ADHD patients through Rosiglitazone: a pilot study.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2025Article
- Interpretable machine learning approaches for children's ADHD detection using clinical assessment data: an online web application deployment.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Time to inhibit: P300 amplitude differences in individuals with high and low temporal efficiency.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2025Article
- Intrinsic and synaptic regulation of axonal excitability in dopaminergic neurons.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Molecular genetic studies have identified several genes that may mediate susceptibility to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A consensus of the literature suggests that when there is a dysfunction in the "brain reward cascade," especially in the dopamine system, causing a low or hypo-dopaminergic trait, the brain may require dopamine for individuals to avoid unpleasant feelings. This high-risk genetic trait leads to multiple drug-seeking behaviors, because the drugs activate release of dopamine, which can diminish abnormal cravings. Moreover, this genetic trait is due in part to a form of a gene (DRD(2) A1 allele) that prevents the expression of the normal laying down of dopamine receptors in brain reward sites. This gene, and others involved in neurophysiological processing of specific neurotransmitters, have been associated with deficient functions and predispose individuals to have a high risk for addictive, impulsive, and compulsive behavioral propensities. It has been proposed that genetic variants of dopaminergic genes and other "reward genes" are important common determinants of reward deficiency syndrome (RDS), which we hypothesize includes ADHD as a behavioral subtype. We further hypothesize that early diagnosis through genetic polymorphic identification in combination with DNA-based customized nutraceutical administration to young children may attenuate behavioral symptoms associated with ADHD. Moreover, it is concluded that dopamine and serotonin releasers might be useful therapeutic adjuncts for the treatment of other RDS behavioral subtypes, including addictions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.