ArticleLearning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)2009
Ontogeny of odor-LiCl vs. odor-shock learning: similar behaviors but divergent ages of functional amygdala emergence.
Article in Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dynamic developmental changes in neurotransmitters supporting infant attachment learning.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- Infant pain vs. pain with parental suppression: Immediate and enduring impact on brain, pain and affect.PloS one · 2023Article
- The development of sniffing.Chemical senses · 2023Article
- From circuits to behavior: Amygdala dysfunction in fragile X syndrome.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2023Review
- Higher-order trace conditioning in newborn rabbits.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- Differential Recruitment of the Infralimbic Cortex in Recent and Remote Retrieval and Extinction of Aversive Memory in Post-Weanling Rats.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Neurobiology of Infant Fear and Anxiety: Impacts of Delayed Amygdala Development and Attachment Figure Quality.Biological psychiatry · 2021Review
- Network Dynamics in the Developing Piriform Cortex of Unanesthetized Rats.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2021Article
- Social Regulation of Negative Valence Systems During Development.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2021Review
- Tuning of olfactory cortex ventral tenia tecta neurons to distinct task elements of goal-directed behavior.eLife · 2020Article
- Using a Developmental Ecology Framework to Align Fear Neurobiology Across Species.Annual review of clinical psychology · 2019Review
- Unique infant neurobiology produces distinctive trauma processing.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2019Review
- Aversive learning-induced plasticity throughout the adult mammalian olfactory system: insights across development.Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes · 2019Review
- Odour conditioning of positive affective states: Rats can learn to associate an odour with being tickled.PloS one · 2019Article
- Effects of early-life adversity on immune function are mediated by prenatal environment: Role of prenatal alcohol exposure.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2017Article
- The neurobiology of safety and threat learning in infancy.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2017Review
- Emotional learning, stress, and development: An ever-changing landscape shaped by early-life experience.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2017Review
- Chronic early life stress induced by limited bedding and nesting (LBN) material in rodents: critical considerations of methodology, outcomes and translational potential.Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2017Article
- Early life adversity during the infant sensitive period for attachment: Programming of behavioral neurobiology of threat processing and social behavior.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2017Review
- Pubertal onset as a critical transition for neural development and cognition.Brain research · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Both odor-preference and odor-aversion learning occur in perinatal pups before the maturation of brain structures that support this learning in adults. To characterize the development of odor learning, we compared three learning paradigms: (1) odor-LiCl (0.3M; 1% body weight, ip) and (2) odor-1.2-mA shock (hindlimb, 1 sec)--both of which consistently produce odor-aversion learning throughout life and (3) odor-0.5-mA shock, which produces an odor preference in early life but an odor avoidance as pups mature. Pups were trained at postnatal day (PN) 7-8, 12-13, or 23-24, using odor-LiCl and two odor-shock conditioning paradigms of odor-0.5-mA shock and odor-1.2-mA shock. Here we show that in the youngest pups (PN7-8), odor-preference learning was associated with activity in the anterior piriform (olfactory) cortex, while odor-aversion learning was associated with activity in the posterior piriform cortex. At PN12-13, when all conditioning paradigms produced an odor aversion, the odor-0.5-mA shock, odor-1.2-mA shock, and odor-LiCl all continued producing learning-associated changes in the posterior piriform cortex. However, only odor-0.5-mA shock induced learning-associated changes within the basolateral amygdala. At weaning (PN23-24), all learning paradigms produced learning-associated changes in the posterior piriform cortex and basolateral amygdala complex. These results suggest at least two basic principles of the development of the neurobiology of learning: (1) Learning that appears similar throughout development can be supported by neural systems showing very robust developmental changes, and (2) the emergence of amygdala function depends on the learning protocol and reinforcement condition being assessed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.