ArticleJournal of virology2009
Foot-and-mouth disease virus can induce a specific and rapid CD4+ T-cell-independent neutralizing and isotype class-switched antibody response in naïve cattle.
Article in Journal of virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- The pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease virus: current understandings and knowledge gaps.Veterinary research · 2025Review
- Remapping the spatial distribution of neutralizing sites and their immunodominance on the capsid of different topotypes of FMDV serotype O by site-directed competitive ELISA for detection of neutralizing antibodies.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Distinctive Immunological Signatures Define Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Persistence in Vaccinated Cattle.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- An Integrated Signaling Threshold Initiates IgG Response toward Virus-like Immunogens.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- A broadly reactive ultralong bovine antibody that can determine the integrity of foot-and-mouth disease virus capsids.The Journal of general virology · 2024Article
- Review
- Specific T-cell subsets have a role in anti-viral immunity and pathogenesis but not viral dynamics or onwards vector transmission of an important livestock arbovirus.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Prophylactic treatment with PEGylated bovine IFNλ3 effectively bridges the gap in vaccine-induced immunity against FMD in cattle.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Characterization of the adaptive cellular and humoral immune responses to persistent colonization ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Synthesis of a crystalline zeolitic imidazole framework-8 nano-coating on single environment-sensitive viral particles for enhanced immune responses.Nanoscale advances · 2023Article
- Article
- Structural and molecular basis for foot-and-mouth disease virus neutralization by two potent protective antibodies.Protein & cell · 2022Article
- Foot-and-mouth disease virus localisation on follicular dendritic cells and sustained induction of neutralising antibodies is dependent on binding to complement receptors (CR2/CR1).PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Depletion of CD8Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2021Article
- The Carrier Conundrum; A Review of Recent Advances and Persistent Gaps Regarding the Carrier State of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Swine T-Cells and Specific Antibodies Evoked by Peptide Dendrimers Displaying Different FMDV T-Cell Epitopes.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Molecular Dissection of the Antibody Response: Opportunities and Needs for Application in Cattle.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Review
- Adaptive Immune Responses following Senecavirus A Infection in Pigs.Journal of virology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The role of T-lymphocyte subsets in recovery from foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection in calves was investigated by administering subset-specific monoclonal antibodies. The depletion of circulating CD4(+) or WC1(+) gammadelta T cells was achieved for a period extending from before challenge to after resolution of viremia and peak clinical signs, whereas CD8(+) cell depletion was only partial. The depletion of CD4(+) cells was also confirmed by analysis of lymph node biopsy specimens 5 days postchallenge. Depletion with anti-WC1 and anti-CD8 antibodies had no effect on the kinetics of infection, clinical signs, and immune responses following FMDV infection. Three of the four CD4(+) T-cell-depleted calves failed to generate an antibody response to the nonstructural polyprotein 3ABC but generated a neutralizing antibody response similar to that in the controls, including rapid isotype switching to immunoglobulin G antibody. We conclude that antibody responses to sites on the surface of the virus capsid are T cell independent, whereas those directed against the nonstructural proteins are T cell dependent. CD4 depletion was found to substantially inhibit antibody responses to the G-H peptide loop VP1(135-156) on the viral capsid, indicating that responses to this particular site, which has a more mobile structure than other neutralizing sites on the virus capsid, are T cell dependent. The depletion of CD4(+) T cells had no adverse effect on the magnitude or duration of clinical signs or clearance of virus from the circulation. Overall, we conclude that CD4(+) T-cell-independent antibody responses play a major role in the resolution of foot-and-mouth disease in cattle.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.