Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19174556›Full record

ArticleMolecular cancer therapeutics2009

WIF1, a Wnt pathway inhibitor, regulates SKP2 and c-myc expression leading to G1 arrest and growth inhibition of human invasive urinary bladder cancer cells.

Yaxiong Tang, Anne R Simoneau, Wu-xiang Liao, Guo Yi, Christopher Hope, Feng Liu, Shunqiang Li, Jun Xie, Randall F Holcombe, Frances A Jurnak and 3 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular cancer therapeutics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Association betweenDisease markers · 2019
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  20. Regulation of metastasis of bladder cancer cells through the WNT signaling pathway.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2015
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Yaxiong TangDepartment of Urology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA.
Anne R Simoneau
Wu-xiang Liao
Guo Yi
Christopher Hope
Feng Liu
Shunqiang Li
Jun Xie
Randall F Holcombe
Frances A Jurnak
Dan Mercola
Bang H Hoang
Xiaolin Zi
University of California, Irvine · USImmunovaccine (Canada) · CAWashington University in St. Louis · US

Funding

Evaluation of Predictive Signatures of Prostate CancerU01CA114810 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI MERCOLA, DAN · 2005 to 2009
$8.2M
Chemoprevention of urinary bladder carcinogenesis by flavokawain AR01CA122558 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI ZI, XIAOLIN · 2008 to 2012
$1.7M
Secreted Wnt Inhibitors in the Biology of OsteosarcomaK08CA116003 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI HOANG, BANG H · 2006 to 2010
$636k
Lycopene & Docetaxel in Prostate Cancer: An IGF-I Receptor Targeting ApproachR21CA129793 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI ZI, XIAOLIN · 2007 to 2008
$336k
NCI NIH HHS CA116003NCI NIH HHS CA122558NCI NIH HHS CA129793NCI NIH HHS K08 CA116003NCI NIH HHS R01 CA122558NCI NIH HHS R21 CA129793NCI NIH HHS U01 CA114810NCI NIH HHS U01 CA114810-02
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Epigenetic silencing of secreted wingless-type (Wnt) antagonists through hypermethylation is associated with tobacco smoking and with invasive bladder cancer. The secreted Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF1) has shown consistent growth-inhibitory effect on various cancer cell lines. Therefore, we assessed the mechanisms of action of WIF1 by either restoring WIF1 expression in invasive bladder cancer cell lines (T24 and TSU-PR1) or using a recombinant protein containing functional WIF1 domain. Both ectopic expression of WIF1 and treatment with WIF1 domain protein resulted in cell growth inhibition via G(1) arrest. The G(1) arrest induced by WIF1 is associated with down-regulation of SKP2 and c-myc and up-regulation of p21/WAF1 and p27/Kip1. Conversely, reexpression of SKP2 in WIF1-overexpressing TSU-PR1 cells attenuated the WIF1-induced G(1) arrest. Furthermore, inhibition of nuclear Wnt signaling by either dominant-negative LEF1 or short hairpin RNA of TCF4 also reduced SKP2 expression. The human SKP2 gene contains two TCF/LEF1 consensus binding sites within the promoter. Chromatin immunoprecipitation/real-time PCR analysis revealed that both WIF1 and dominant-negative LEF1 expression decreased the in vivo binding of TCF4 and beta-catenin to the SKP2 promoter. Together, our results suggest that mechanisms of WIF1-induced G(1) arrest include (a) SKP2 down-regulation leading to p27/Kip1 accumulation and (b) c-myc down-regulation releasing p21/WAF1 transcription. Additionally, we show that WIF1 inhibits in vivo bladder tumor growth in nude mice. These observations suggest a mechanism for transformation of bladder epithelium on loss of WIF1 function and provide new targets such as SKP2 for intervention in WIF1-deficient bladder cancer.

Indexed as

G1 PhaseAdaptor Proteins, Signal TransducingAnimalsBase Sequencebeta CateninCell AdhesionCell Line, TumorCell NucleusCell ProliferationDown-RegulationGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansLymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1MiceMolecular Sequence DataNeoplasm InvasivenessAdaptor Proteins, Signal Transducingbeta CateninLEF1 protein, humanLymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mycRecombinant ProteinsRepressor ProteinsRNA, MessengerRNA, Small InterferingS-Phase Kinase-Associated ProteinsTCF7L2 protein, humanTcf7l2 protein, mouseTCF Transcription FactorsTranscription Factor 7-Like 2 ProteinWIF1 protein, human

Identifiers

PMID19174556
PMCPMC2768341
OpenAlexW2053354626

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.