Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19169705›Full record

ArticlePlanta2009

The intergenic region of Arabidopsis thaliana cab1 and cab2 divergent genes functions as a bidirectional promoter.

Anish Mitra, Jigang Han, Zhanyuan J Zhang, Amitava Mitra

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Planta, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Shedding light on AT1G29480 ofPlant direct · 2022
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. A synthetic C4 shuttle via the β-hydroxyaspartate cycle in C3 plants.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Structural and Functional Analysis of a Bidirectional Promoter fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2018
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Anish MitraDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
Jigang Han
Zhanyuan J Zhang
Amitava Mitra
University of Nebraska–Lincoln · USUniversity of Missouri · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genetic engineering plays a unique role in fundamental plant biology studies and in improving crop traits. These efforts often necessitate introduction and expression of multiple genes using promoters from a very limited repertoire. Current common practice of expressing multiple genes is the repeated use of the same or similar promoters. This practice causes more frequent transgene silencing due to a high degree of sequence homology and a greater chance of rearrangement among repeatedly used promoter sequences. Therefore, availability and use of natural bidirectional promoters to minimize gene silencing and achieve desirable expression pattern of transgenes is a critical issue in the field of plant genetic engineering. Here we describe the use of a single natural bidirectional promoter to drive the expression of two reporter genes in onion epidermal cells and in transgenic tobacco plants. We show that (1) the promoter drives the simultaneous expression of GUS and GFP reporter genes after transient expression and stable transformation, (2) the transcription is equally strong in both directions, (3) immediate upstream regions in each direction control transcription independently from each other, and (4) the reporter genes are expressed in leaves and stems but not in roots, as expected from the fact that the endogenous promoter controls the expression of two photosynthetic genes in Arabidopsis. Hence, use of bidirectional promoters in heterologous background provides a means to express multiple genes in transgenic plants and aids genetic engineering-based crop improvement.

Indexed as

Genes, PlantGenetic VariationPromoter Regions, GeneticArabidopsisArabidopsis ProteinsBase SequenceChromosomes, PlantDNA, IntergenicGene Expression Regulation, PlantGlucuronidaseGreen Fluorescent ProteinsLightMolecular Sequence DataOrgan SpecificityPhotosynthesisArabidopsis ProteinsDNA, IntergenicGlucuronidaseGreen Fluorescent Proteins

Identifiers

PMID19169705
OpenAlexW2127869786

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.