ReviewEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2009
Smoking in pregnancy and lactation: a review of risks and cessation strategies.
Review in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Health providers' and pregnant women's perspectives about smoking cessation support: a COM-B analysis of a global systematic review of qualitative studies.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Pooled it
- Potential effects of using non-combustible tobacco and nicotine products during pregnancy: a systematic review.Harm reduction journal · 2020Pooled it
- Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Reducing stillbirths: behavioural and nutritional interventions before and during pregnancy.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2009Pooled it
- Contingency Management Versus Psychotherapy for Prenatal Smoking Cessation: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's HealthPooled it
- The Effectiveness of Text Support for Stopping Smoking in Pregnancy (MiQuit): Multi-Trial Pooled Analysis Investigating Effect Moderators and Mechanisms of Action.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Trial
- Progesterone and Postpartum Smoking Relapse: A Pilot Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Trial
- The Breathing for Life Trial: a randomised controlled trial of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO)-based management of asthma during pregnancy and its impact on perinatal outcomes and infant and childhood respiratory health.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2016Trial
- Trial
- The needs and preferences of pregnant smokers regarding tailored Internet-based smoking cessation interventions: a qualitative interview study.BMC public health · 2014Trial
- Pilot randomized controlled trial of an internet-based smoking cessation intervention for pregnant smokers ('MumsQuit').Drug and alcohol dependence · 2014Trial
- Generative artificial intelligence and machine learning methods to screen social media content.PeerJ. Computer science · 2025Article
- Article
- Acute exposure to electronic cigarette components alters mRNA expression of pre-osteoblasts.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Hydrogen Sulfide in Reproductive System Disorders.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Effects of passive smoking on severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy among urban Chinese nonsmoking women.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Accessing specialist support to stop smoking in pregnancy: A qualitative study exploring engagement with UK-based stop smoking services.British journal of health psychology · 2022Article
- The physical and developmental outcomes of children whose mothers are substance abusers: Analysis of associated factors and the impact of early intervention.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs about Relapse Prevention Research Involving Bupropion among Current and Former Pregnant Individuals Who Smoke.Journal of smoking cessation · 2022Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite documented evidence of harm to fetus and infant, a substantial number of women continue to smoke during pregnancy and lactation.
objectiveTo examine the literature regarding smoking during pregnancy and breastfeeding to ascertain adverse effects as well as the efficacy of interventions to enable women to stop smoking in the perinatal period. STUDY
designA comprehensive literature search was undertaken to identify all published studies reporting on smoking in pregnancy and lactation. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PUBMED, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies published in English from 1966 to 2008 that reported on smoking in pregnancy and breastfeeding, with information on adverse effects and on all forms of smoking cessation, including behavioral interventions, nicotine replacement therapy, and pharmacotherapy such as antidepressants.
resultsThere is evidence that smoking in pregnancy and lactation may cause many adverse affects in the perinatal period, childhood, and up to adulthood. These adverse effects include infertility, ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, placenta insufficiency, low birth weight, fetal growth restriction, preterm delivery, orofacial clefts, SIDS, craniosynostosis, clubfoot, childhood respiratory disease, attention deficit disorder, and some childhood cancers. A number of strategies have been developed to assist pregnant women in quitting smoking, including both behavioral interventions and pharmacological therapies, such as nicotine replacement and antidepressant therapy.
conclusionsBehavioral interventions report only modest success rates. Nicotine replacement therapy and antidepressants appear to be safe to use in pregnancy, but do not achieve a substantially higher success rate for quitting.
Indexed as
Identifiers
19169678What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.