ArticleDer Nervenarzt2009
[Use of zolpidem and zopiclone on private prescriptions between 1993 and 2007].
Article in Der Nervenarzt, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Eszopiclone for insomnia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- [Pain medication in nursing home residents with and without cancer. Most frequently with metamizole].Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2015Article
- The problems of long-term treatment with benzodiazepines and related substances.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2015Review
- [Benzodiazepine hypnotics, zolpidem and zopiclone on private prescriptions: use between 1993 and 2012].Der Nervenarzt · 2014Article
- Hypnosedative use and predictors of successful withdrawal in new patients attending a falls clinic: a retrospective, cohort study.Drugs & aging · 2010Article
- [Insomnia in the elderly. An under-diagnosed and over-treated syndrome].Der Internist · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAim of this study was to analyse the amount of so-called private prescriptions of zolpidem and zopiclone (Z drugs) over a 15-year period in Germany. Any doctor can prescribe drugs privately. Private prescriptions are fully funded by the patients. At present the total number of doctors' prescriptions in Germany is undocumented because this information is not recorded in insurance claims data. This may be one reason why physicians prescribe drugs that are associated with abuse and dependence (such as Z drugs) more frequently on private prescriptions.
methodsWe compared utilization data from statutory health insurance claims with the purchasing statistics from public pharmacies over the years 1993-2007.
resultsThroughout the study period, purchases of zolpidem and zopiclone increased from 1.4 million to 3.7 million packages and 0.8 million to 3.9 million packages, respectively. A constantly rising proportion of private prescriptions for zolpidem resp. zopiclone were issued between 1993 (+6% resp. +6%), 1999 (+43% resp. +34%), and 2007 (+122% resp. +72%).
conclusionSince their approval in Germany, zopiclone and especially zolpidem have frequently been dispensed on private prescriptions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.