ArticleOncogene2009
Activation of the unliganded estrogen receptor by prolactin in breast cancer cells.
Article in Oncogene, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Osteometabolic complications in patients with secreting pituitary adenomas: Is there an impact of gender?Pituitary · 2026Review
- The immunotoxin targeting PRLR increases tamoxifen sensitivity and enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy in breast cancer.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- Breast Cancer and Prolactin - New Mechanisms and Models.Endocrinology · 2022Review
- Differential modulation of natural killer cell cytotoxicity by 17β-estradiol and prolactin through the NKG2D/NKG2DL axis in cervical cancer cells.Oncology letters · 2022Article
- Prolactin: The Third Hormone in Breast Cancer.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Prolactin receptor signaling: A novel target for cancer treatment - Exploring anti-PRLR signaling strategies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Prolactin receptor gene transcriptional control, regulatory modalities relevant to breast cancer resistance and invasiveness.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Prolactin and endocrine therapy resistance in breast cancer: The next potential hope for breast cancer treatment.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2021Review
- Review
- NSG-Pro mouse model for uncovering resistance mechanisms and unique vulnerabilities in human luminal breast cancers.Science advances · 2021Article
- Genetically predicted bipolar disorder is causally associated with an increased risk of breast cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- RSK2 Maintains Adult Estrogen Homeostasis by Inhibiting ERK1/2-Mediated Degradation of Estrogen Receptor Alpha.Cell reports · 2020Article
- Prolactin Enhances the Proliferation of Proliferative Endometrial Glandular Cells and Endometrial Cancer Cells.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2020Article
- The Phosphorylated Estrogen Receptor α (ER) Cistrome Identifies a Subset of Active Enhancers Enriched for Direct ER-DNA Binding and the Transcription Factor GRHL2.Molecular and cellular biology · 2019Article
- Interaction between 17β-estradiol, prolactin and human papillomavirus induce E6/E7 transcript and modulate the expression and localization of hormonal receptors.Cancer cell international · 2019Article
- Synergistic Activation of ERα by Estrogen and Prolactin in Breast Cancer Cells Requires Tyrosyl Phosphorylation of PAK1.Cancer research · 2016Article
- Minireview: Tipping the balance: ligand-independent activation of steroid receptors.Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2015Review
- Dense collagen-I matrices enhance pro-tumorigenic estrogen-prolactin crosstalk in MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells.PloS one · 2015Article
- Modeling prolactin actions in breast cancer in vivo: insights from the NRL-PRL mouse.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Both prolactin (PRL) and estrogen (E2) are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of mammary neoplasia, but the mechanisms by which these hormones interact to exert their effects in breast cancer cells are not well understood. We show here that PRL is able to activate the unliganded estrogen receptor (ER). In breast cancer cells, PRL activates a reporter plasmid containing estrogen response elements (EREs) and induces the ER target gene pS2. These actions are blocked by the antagonist ICI 182,780, showing that ER is required for the PRL-mediated effect. Moreover, PRL leads to phosphorylation of ERalpha in serine-118 (P-ERalpha), a modification related to the potentiation of ligand-independent transcriptional activation. In addition, PRL mimics the effect of E2 on target gene expression by inducing cyclical recruitment of ERalpha and P-ERalpha to ERE-containing promoters, resulting in recruitment of co-activators and acetylation of histone H3. Finally, PRL induces expression of c-Myc and Cyclin D1 and leads to increased cell proliferation, which is specifically antagonized by ICI 182,780 or ERalpha depletion. These results show that ligand-independent ERalpha activation appears to be an important component of the proliferative and transcriptional actions of PRL in breast cancer cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.