ReviewBiological chemistry2009
Glutathione dysregulation and the etiology and progression of human diseases.
Review in Biological chemistry, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 444 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
444 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bibliometric and visualization analysis of hydrogel research in spinal cord injury: comparative study of Chinese and English literature.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Altered central and blood glutathione in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Pooled it
- Glutamate- and GABA-targeted drugs for Cc-occurring bipolar and alcohol use disorders: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of N-acetylcysteine, gabapentin, and placebo.Translational psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Guided Metabolic Detoxification Program Supports Phase II Detoxification Enzymes and Antioxidant Balance in Healthy Participants.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- The Effects of Oral Liposomal Glutathione and In Vitro Everolimus in Altering the Immune Responses againstBiomolecular concepts · 2021Trial
- Effects of Oral Liposomal Glutathione in Altering the Immune Responses AgainstFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Trial
- Autophagy targeted nano-medicine in norphytane atrophic arthritis model: Beclin1/XBP/PTEN/STAT-3A genetic profile.Future science OA · 2026Article
- Effects of vitamin B1/B6/B12 complex on methotrexate-induced hepatorenal toxicity in a short-term acute rat model.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- Discovery of a phenazine-thiol conjugase from sparse data using genome-informed machine learning.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Targeting Reduced Glutathione (GSH) to Promote Metabolic Health: Insights on the Role of Bioactive-Rich Foods and Fasting Protocols.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Glutamate-Glutathione axis in neuropsychiatric disorders and cancer: From shared mechanisms to non-invasive biomarkers.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Failure of Hepatic Insulin Clearance via CEACAM1-Mediated Endocytosis: The Missing Physiological Link Between Proinsulin Misfolding, Hyperinsulinemia, and Metabolic Complications in Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, and NAFLD.Problemy endokrinologii · 2026Review
- Contrasting the genetic architecture of cardiac glutathione against other organs: unveiling a unique tissue-specific locus.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026Article
- An Artifact-Free Assay for the GSH/GSSG Ratio Adapted for Finger-Stick Blood Microvolumes: Simple, Sensitive, and Suitable for Any Laboratory.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Use of Human Serum Albumin CysAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A Targeted Metabolomic Assessment of Oral Glutathione Bioavailability and Safety in Humans: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Discovery of a phenazine-thiol conjugase from sparse data using genome-informed machine learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Tissue-resident macrophage survival depends on mitochondrial function regulated by SerpinB2 in chronic inflammation.Nature communications · 2026Article
384 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) plays an important role in a multitude of cellular processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, and as a result, disturbances in GSH homeostasis are implicated in the etiology and/or progression of a number of human diseases, including cancer, diseases of aging, cystic fibrosis, and cardiovascular, inflammatory, immune, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases. Owing to the pleiotropic effects of GSH on cell functions, it has been quite difficult to define the role of GSH in the onset and/or the expression of human diseases, although significant progress is being made. GSH levels, turnover rates, and/or oxidation state can be compromised by inherited or acquired defects in the enzymes, transporters, signaling molecules, or transcription factors that are involved in its homeostasis, or from exposure to reactive chemicals or metabolic intermediates. GSH deficiency or a decrease in the GSH/glutathione disulfide ratio manifests itself largely through an increased susceptibility to oxidative stress, and the resulting damage is thought to be involved in diseases, such as cancer, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. In addition, imbalances in GSH levels affect immune system function, and are thought to play a role in the aging process. Just as low intracellular GSH levels decrease cellular antioxidant capacity, elevated GSH levels generally increase antioxidant capacity and resistance to oxidative stress, and this is observed in many cancer cells. The higher GSH levels in some tumor cells are also typically associated with higher levels of GSH-related enzymes and transporters. Although neither the mechanism nor the implications of these changes are well defined, the high GSH content makes cancer cells chemoresistant, which is a major factor that limits drug treatment. The present report highlights and integrates the growing connections between imbalances in GSH homeostasis and a multitude of human diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.