ArticleBMC public health2009
Ecological association between a deprivation index and mortality in France over the period 1997 - 2001: variations with spatial scale, degree of urbanicity, age, gender and cause of death.
Article in BMC public health, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 284 papers.
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Who cites it
284 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Effectiveness of a School- and Primary Care-Based HPV Vaccination Intervention: The PrevHPV Cluster Randomized Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
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- Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Infants: Nationwide Cohort Study Based on the French EPI-MERES Register.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2026Article
- Trends and risk factors associated with hepatitis A severity and mortality in French hospitals: a national population-based study, 2013 to 2024.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- How do you feel right now? Investigating momentary well-being in French adolescents using geographically-explicit ecological momentary assessment.SSM - population health · 2026Article
- Comparative cost-effectiveness of robot-assisted versus open prostatectomy: a real-life nationwide study.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Article
- Trends and Characteristics of Opioid Use During Pregnancy Between 2010 and 2023: A French Nationwide Drug Utilization Study.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2026Article
- Social position and antidepressant dose trajectories: a latent class analysis of a french cohort linked to the reimbursement register.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- Maternal RSVpreF Immunisation Against Infant RSV Hospitalisation: Nationwide Population-Based Effectiveness and Durability Study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Article
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224 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSpatial health inequalities have often been analysed in terms of deprivation. The aim of this study was to create an ecological deprivation index and evaluate its association with mortality over the entire mainland France territory. More specifically, the variations with the degree of urbanicity, spatial scale, age, gender and cause of death, which influence the association between mortality and deprivation, have been described.
methodsThe deprivation index, 'FDep99', was developed at the 'commune'(smallest administrative unit in France) level as the first component of a principal component analysis of four socioeconomic variables. Proxies of the Carstairs and Townsend indices were calculated for comparison. The spatial association between FDep99 and mortality was studied using five different spatial scales, and by degree of urbanicity (five urban unit categories), age, gender and cause of death, over the period 1997-2001. 'Avoidable' causes of death were also considered for subjects aged less than 65 years. They were defined as causes related to risk behaviour and primary prevention (alcohol, smoking, accidents).
resultsThe association between the FDep99 index and mortality was positive and quasi-log-linear, for all geographic scales. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 24% higher for the communes of the most deprived quintile than for those of the least deprived quintile. The between-urban unit category and between-région heterogeneities of the log-linear associations were not statistically significant. The association was positive for all the categories studied and was significantly greater for subjects aged less than 65 years, for men, and for 'avoidable' mortality. The amplitude and regularity of the associations between mortality and the Townsend and Carstairs indices were lower.
conclusionThe deprivation index proposed reflects a major part of spatial socioeconomic heterogeneity, in a homogeneous manner over the whole country. The index may be routinely used by healthcare authorities to observe, analyse, and manage spatial health inequalities.
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