Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19159624›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental biology2009

Identification of an ancient Bmp4 mesoderm enhancer located 46 kb from the promoter.

Kelly J Chandler, Ronald L Chandler, Douglas P Mortlock

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental biology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Dynamics and cellular localization of Bmp2, Bmp4, and Noggin transcription in the postnatal mouse skeleton.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2015
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Diverse functions of distal regulatory elements at the IFNG locus.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2012
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Msx1 mutations: how do they cause tooth agenesis?Journal of dental research · 2011
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kelly J ChandlerDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1175 MRBIV, 2215 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Ronald L Chandler
Douglas P Mortlock

Funding

Training Program in Stem Cell and Regenerative Developmental BiologyT32HD007502 · NICHD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI WRIGHT, CHRISTOPHER V · 1997 to 2022
$5.4M
Gdf6 gene expression and evolution in vertebratesR01HD047880 · NICHD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI MORTLOCK, DOUGLAS P · 2005 to 2009
$1.8M
Genetics Training Program: Implications of VariationT32GM062758 · NIGMS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI PHILLIPS III, JOHN ATLAS · 2001 to 2005
$946k
NICHD NIH HHS 1R01HD47880NICHD NIH HHS 5T32HD07502NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD047880NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD007502NIGMS NIH HHS 1T32GM62758NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM062758
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4) is a multi-functional, developmentally regulated gene that is essential for mouse development, as most Bmp4-null mouse embryos die at the onset of gastrulation and fail to develop mesoderm. Little is known about the transcriptional regulation of Bmp4. To identify potential long-range cis-regulatory elements that direct its complex spatiotemporal expression patterns, we surveyed the mouse Bmp4 locus using two overlapping bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) reporter transgenes. Our findings indicate that tissue-specific cis-regulatory elements reside greater than 28 kb 5' or 3' to the mouse Bmp4 transcription unit. In addition, comparative analyses identified three noncoding evolutionarily conserved regions (ECRs), spaced around the gene and conserved from mammals to fish, that are maintained in a syntenic group across vertebrates. Deletion of one of these conserved sequences (ECR2) from a BAC transgene revealed a tissue-specific requirement for ECR2 in driving Bmp4 expression in extraembryonic and embryonic mesoderm. Furthermore, a 467 bp mouse sequence containing ECR2 reproducibly directed lacZ minigene expression in mesoderm. Taken together, this shows that an ancient, mesoderm-specific cis-regulatory element resides nearly 50 kb 5' to mouse Bmp4.

Indexed as

Enhancer Elements, GeneticEvolution, MolecularGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalPromoter Regions, GeneticAnimalsBase SequenceBone Morphogenetic Protein 2Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4Genes, ReporterHumansMesodermMiceMice, TransgenicMolecular Sequence DataSequence AlignmentTransgenesBmp4 protein, mouseBone Morphogenetic Protein 2Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4

Identifiers

PMID19159624
PMCPMC2846791

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.