ArticleMolecular biology of the cell2009
The chaperone activity of GRP94 toward insulin-like growth factor II is necessary for the stress response to serum deprivation.
Article in Molecular biology of the cell, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- IGF-like growth factors that couple food sensing to developmental decisions employ different release mechanisms in a single pair ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Redoxome: Protein Folding and Beyond.Biochemistry · 2026Review
- ATM interaction with GRP94 modulates oncogenic receptor expression and signaling and microglial activation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Mechanism of client loading from BiP to Grp94 and its disruption by select inhibitors.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Advances in the structures, mechanisms and targeting of molecular chaperones.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Molecular puzzle of insulin: structural assembly pathways and their role in diabetes.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- GRP94 is an IGF-1R chaperone and regulates beta cell death in diabetes.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Review
- Autocrine IGF-II-Associated Cancers: From a Rare Paraneoplastic Event to a Hallmark in Malignancy.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- A proinsulin-dependent interaction between ENPL-1 and ASNA-1 in neurons is required to maintain insulin secretion in C. elegans.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- The biology and inhibition of glucose-regulated protein 94/gp96.Medicinal research reviews · 2022Review
- The endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP is a closure-accelerating cochaperone of Grp94.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- The ER Chaperones BiP and Grp94 Regulate the Formation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 (IGF2) Oligomers.Journal of molecular biology · 2021Article
- Cell Surface GRP94 as a Novel Emerging Therapeutic Target for Monoclonal Antibody Cancer Therapy.Cells · 2021Review
- ENPL-1, theDevelopment (Cambridge, England) · 2020Article
- Glucose-Regulated Protein 94 (GRP94): A Novel Regulator of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Production.Cells · 2020Review
- Insulin-like growth factor-II and bioactive proteins containing a part of the E-domain of pro-insulin-like growth factor-II.BioFactors (Oxford, England) · 2020Review
- The Neglected Insulin: IGF-II, a Metabolic Regulator with Implications for Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer.Cells · 2019Review
- GM2-GM3 gangliosides ratio is dependent on GRP94 through down-regulation of GM2-AP cofactor in brain metastasis cells.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Different Grp94 components interact transiently with the myocilin olfactomedin domain in vitro to enhance or retard its amyloid aggregation.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II is a hormone with mitogenic activity for many cell types and tissues. We demonstrate that its intracellular processing and secretion strictly depend on the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 94. GRP94 interacts physically and transiently with pro-IGF-II intermediates, and its activity is essential for secretion of active IGF-II, thus establishing IGF-II as a client of GRP94. Embryonic stem (ES) cells that lack GRP94 are hypersensitive to stress conditions such as serum deprivation and die by apoptosis because they cannot respond to the stress by producing active IGF-II. This chaperone-client interaction may explain the previously documented antiapoptotic activity of GRP94 in a number of stress responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.