ArticleCancer science2009
Formosanin C-induced apoptosis requires activation of caspase-2 and change of mitochondrial membrane potential.
Article in Cancer science, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dual-Targeted Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Enhanced Delivery of Polyphyllin B Synergistically Induce Ferroptosis and Immunogenic Cell Death in Gastric Cancer.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Using Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis to Identify Saponin Formosanin C as a Ferroptosis Inducer in Colorectal Cancer with p53 and Oncogenic KRAS.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Targeting Ferroptosis: Small-molecule Inducers as Novel Anticancer Agents.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Novel Insights on Ferroptosis Modulation as Potential Strategy for Cancer Treatment: When Nature Kills.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2024Review
- Formosanin C suppresses cancer cell proliferation and migration by impeding autophagy machinery.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2023Article
- Polyphyllin B Suppresses Gastric Tumor Growth by Modulating Iron Metabolism and Inducing Ferroptosis.International journal of biological sciences · 2023Article
- Vulnerability of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer to Saponin Formosanin C-Induced Ferroptosis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Formosanin C attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation through nuclear factor-κB inhibition in macrophages.The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology · 2021Article
- Formosanin C promotes the curative efficacy of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in a mouse model of breast cancer.Oncology letters · 2021Article
- Saponin Formosanin C-induced Ferritinophagy and Ferroptosis in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Paris Saponin II inhibits colorectal carcinogenesis by regulating mitochondrial fission and NF-κB pathway.Pharmacological research · 2019Article
- The synergistic anticancer effect of formosanin C and polyphyllin VII based on caspase-mediated cleavage of Beclin1 inhibiting autophagy and promoting apoptosis.Cell proliferation · 2019Article
- Whole Peptidoglycan Extracts from theBioMed research international · 2018Article
- Anticancer Effects of Paris Saponins by Apoptosis and PI3K/AKT Pathway in Gefitinib-Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Formosanin C is a pure compound isolated from Paris formosana Hayata (Liliaceae). The antitumor efficacy of formosanin C has been observed in cultured cells and animal systems. However, the molecular mechanisms of formosanin C remain unknown. The results of the present study indicate that formosanin C induced apoptosis of HT-29 cells characterized by exposure of phosphatidylserine, accumulation of cells at the sub-G(1) phase, fragmentation of DNA, and change of nuclear morphology in a time- and dose-related manner. The apoptotic signaling cascades may proceed via proteolytic activation of caspase-2, change of mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsi(m)), release of cytochrome c and second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase/direct IAP binding protein with low pI (Smac/DIABLO), activation of caspase-9 and -3, and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Increase in apoptosis-inducing factor and endonuclease G expressions in nuclei, and increase in Bax and Bak expressions and decrease in Bcl-X(L) expression on mitochondria were also observed in formosanin C-treated HT-29 cells. Attenuation of formosanin C-induced change of Deltapsi(m) by caspase-2 inhibitor (Z-VDVAC) implies that caspase-2 acts upstream of the mitochondria. Blockage of formosanin C-induced apoptotic process by using either permeability transition pore inhibitor (cyclosporine A) or caspase-9 inhibitor (Z-LEHD) demonstrates the necessity of mitochondria and caspase-9 in formosanin C-induced apoptosis of HT-29 cells. Taken together, the apoptotic mechanism of formosanin C in human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells involves activation of caspase-2 and the dysfunction of mitochondria.
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