ArticleNeurotoxicology2009
Mouse cerebellar astrocytes protect cerebellar granule neurons against toxicity of the polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) mixture DE-71.
Article in Neurotoxicology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glutathione Metabolism of the Brain-The Role of Astrocytes.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Neurotransmitter Systems Affected by PBDE Exposure: Insights from In Vivo and In Vitro Neurotoxicity Studies.Toxics · 2025Review
- Cell death in glioblastoma and the central nervous system.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- Glial Populations in the Human Brain Following Ischemic Injury.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Late chronic local inflammation, synaptic alterations, vascular remodeling and arteriovenous malformations in the brains of male rats exposed to repetitive low-level blast overpressures.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2023Article
- Neuroprotective astroglial response to neural damage and its relevance to affective disorders.Exploration of neuroprotective therapy · 2023Article
- Crosstalk of Astrocytes and Other Cells during Ischemic Stroke.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Role of glia in optic nerve.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2021Review
- Role of Delayed Neuroglial Activation in Impaired Cerebral Blood Flow Restoration Following Comorbid Injury.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- Early postnatal decabromodiphenyl ether exposure reduces thyroid hormone and astrocyte density in the juvenile mouse dentate gyrus.Physiology & behavior · 2020Article
- Assessment of developmental neurotoxicity induced by chemical mixtures using an adverse outcome pathway concept.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2020Article
- Ketotherapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.International review of neurobiology · 2020Review
- Advances in Astrocyte Computational Models: From Metabolic Reconstructions to Multi-omic Approaches.Frontiers in neuroinformatics · 2020Article
- Reactive Astrocytes in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Aging and disease · 2019Review
- The Need for Physiological Micro-Nanofluidic Systems of the Brain.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2019Review
- Impact of Astrocytes on the Injury Induced by In Vitro Ischemia.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2017Article
- Article
- Astrocytes, therapeutic targets for neuroprotection and neurorestoration in ischemic stroke.Progress in neurobiology · 2016Review
- Glutathione-Dependent Detoxification Processes in Astrocytes.Neurochemical research · 2015Review
- Effect of omega-3 fatty acid oxidation products on the cellular and mitochondrial toxicity of BDE 47.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A large body of evidence indicates that polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants have become widespread environmental pollutants. Body burden is particularly high in infants and toddlers, due to exposure through maternal milk and house dust. Animal studies suggest that PBDEs may exert developmental neurotoxicity, via mechanisms that are still elusive. PBDEs have been reported to cause oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death in neurons in vitro, when tested in mono-cultures. Here we report the results of experiments in which mouse cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) were co-cultured with cerebellar astrocytes. Astrocytes were found to protect neurons against the toxicity of the PBDE mixture DE-71. Astrocytes from Gclm (-/-) mice, which lack the modifier subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase and, as a consequence, have very low GSH levels, were much less effective at protecting CGNs from DE-71 toxicity. The protective effects were mostly due to the ability of Gclm (+/+) astrocytes to increase GSH levels in neurons. By increasing GSH, GSH ethylester provided a similar protective effect. In vivo, where both neurons and astrocytes would be either Gclm (+/+) or Gclm (-/-), the toxicity of DE-71 to CGNs is predicted to vary 16.8-fold, depending on genotype. Hence, in addition to being intrinsically more susceptible to DE-71 toxicity because of their low GSH content, CGNs in Gclm (-/-) mice would also lack the full protective effect provided by astrocytes. Since several polymorphisms, including some in the Gclm gene, cause very low levels of GSH, it may be speculated that such individuals might display a higher susceptibility to the neurotoxic effects of PBDEs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.