Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19148759›Full record

ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2009

Physicochemical characterization of efavirenz-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes.

Sateeshkumar Sathigari, Gurkishan Chadha, Y-H Phillip Lee, Nydeia Wright, Daniel L Parsons, Vijay K Rangari, Oladiran Fasina, R Jayachandra Babu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A case study on decentralized manufacturing of 3D printed medicines.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2023
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  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Nanotechnology-based antiviral therapeutics.Drug delivery and translational research · 2021
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Formulation and optimization of liquisolid compact for enhancing dissolution properties of efavirenz by using DoE approach.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2020
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Nano-ART and NeuroAIDS.Drug delivery and translational research · 2016
    Review
  15. Review
  16. The Role of Nanoparticle in Brain Permeability: An in-vitro BBB Model.Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR · 2016
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sateeshkumar SathigariDepartment of Pharmacal Sciences, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Gurkishan Chadha
Y-H Phillip Lee
Nydeia Wright
Daniel L Parsons
Vijay K Rangari
Oladiran Fasina
R Jayachandra Babu

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Efavirenz (EFV) is an oral antihuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 drug with extremely poor aqueous solubility. Thus, its gastrointestinal absorption is limited by the dissolution rate of the drug. The objective of this study was to characterize the inclusion complexes of EFV with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD), hydroxypropyl beta-CD (HPbetaCD), and randomly methylated beta-CD (RMbetaCD) to improve the solubility and dissolution of EFV. The inclusion complexation of EFV with cyclodextrins in the liquid state was characterized by phase solubility studies. The solid-state characterization of various EFV and CD systems was performed by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Dissolution studies were carried out in distilled water using US Pharmacopeia dissolution rate testing equipment. Phase solubility studies provided an A(L)-type solubility diagram for beta-CD and A(P)-type solubility diagram for HPbetaCD and RMbetaCD. The phase solubility data enabled calculating stability constants (K (s)) for EFV-betaCD, EFV-HPbetaCD, and EFV-RMbetaCD systems which were 288, 469, and 1,073 M(-1), respectively. The physical and kneaded mixtures of EFV with CDs generally provided higher dissolution of EFV as expected. The dissolution of EFV was substantially higher with HPbetaCD and RMbetaCD inclusion complexes prepared by the freeze drying method. Thus, complexation with HPbetaCD and RMbetaCD could possibly improve the dissolution rate-limited absorption of EFV.

Indexed as

Drug Carriers2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrinAlkynesBenzoxazinesbeta-CyclodextrinsCalorimetry, Differential ScanningChemistry, PharmaceuticalCrystallography, X-RayCyclopropanesDrug CompoundingDrug StabilityFreeze DryingHIV Protease InhibitorsKineticsMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningSolubility2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrinAlkynesBenzoxazinesbeta-CyclodextrinsCyclopropanesDrug CarriersefavirenzHIV Protease Inhibitorsmethyl-beta-cyclodextrin

Identifiers

PMID19148759
PMCPMC2663670

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.