ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009
Molecular dynamics calculations suggest a conduction mechanism for the M2 proton channel from influenza A virus.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed.
- Conserved Transmembrane Asparagine Is Essential for the Ion-Conducting Structure and Dynamics of the SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Solid-State NMR of Virus Membrane Proteins.Accounts of chemical research · 2025Article
- The interplay of polarizable water and protein in the activation of the M2 channel.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Activation of the Influenza B M2 Proton Channel (BM2).Biochemistry · 2024Article
- Structure and dynamics of the proton-selective histidine and the gating tryptophan in an inward rectifying hybrid influenza B and A virus M2 proton channel.Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP · 2024Article
- Activation of the influenza B M2 proton channel (BM2).bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Atomic structure of the open SARS-CoV-2 E viroporin.Science advances · 2023Article
- Transient water wires mediate selective proton transport in designed channel proteins.Nature chemistry · 2023Article
- Spiers Memorial Lecture: Analysis andFaraday discussions · 2021Article
- Water orientation and dynamics in the closed and open influenza B virus M2 proton channels.Communications biology · 2021Article
- Influenza Viruses: Harnessing the Crucial Role of the M2 Ion-Channel and Neuraminidase toward Inhibitor Design.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- From Acid Activation Mechanisms of Proton Conduction to Design of Inhibitors of the M2 Proton Channel of Influenza A Virus.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Water in Nanopores and Biological Channels: A Molecular Simulation Perspective.Chemical reviews · 2020Review
- M2 amphipathic helices facilitate pH-dependent conformational transition in influenza A virus.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Article
- Atomic structures of closed and open influenza B M2 proton channel reveal the conduction mechanism.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2020Article
- Viroporins in the Influenza Virus.Cells · 2019Review
- All-atom virus simulations.Current opinion in virology · 2018Review
- Transport-Relevant Protein Conformational Dynamics and Water Dynamics on Multiple Time Scales in an Archetypal Proton Channel: Insights from Solid-State NMR.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2018Article
- XFEL structures of the influenza M2 proton channel: Room temperature water networks and insights into proton conduction.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The M2 protein of the influenza A virus is activated by low endosomal pH and performs the essential function of proton transfer into the viral interior. The resulting decrease in pH within the virion is essential for the uncoating and further replication of the viral genetic material. The x-ray crystal [Stouffer AL, et al. (2008) Nature 451:596-599] and solution NMR [Schnell JR, Chou JJ (2008) Nature 451:591-595] structures of the transmembrane region of the M2 homo-tetrameric bundle both revealed pores with narrow constrictions at one end, leaving a question as to how protons enter the channel. His-37, which is essential for proton-gating and selective conduction of protons, lies in the pore of the crystallographic and NMR structures. Here, we explore the different protonation states of the His-37 residues of the M2 bundle in a bilayer using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. When the His-37 residues are neutral, the protein prefers an Open(out)-Closed(in) conformation in which the channel is open to the environment on the outside of the virus but closed to the interior environment of the virus. Diffusion of protons into the channel from the outside of the virus and protonation of His-37 residues in the tetramer stabilizes an oppositely gated Closed(out)-Open(in) conformation. Thus, protons might be conducted through a transporter-like mechanism, in which the protein alternates between Open(out)-Closed(in) and Closed(out)-Open(in) conformations, and His-37 is protonated/deprotonated during each turnover. The transporter-like mechanism is consistent with the known properties of the M2 bundle, including its relatively low rate of proton flux and its strong rectifying behavior.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.