ArticleMucosal immunology2009
A genital tract peptide epitope vaccine targeting TLR-2 efficiently induces local and systemic CD8+ T cells and protects against herpes simplex virus type 2 challenge.
Article in Mucosal immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- High Frequencies of Senescent and Exhausted Natural Killer Cells and SARS-CoV-2-Specific Memory CD8Viruses · 2026Article
- Role of mucosal chemokines in the development of tissue-resident CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Age-Related Impairment of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses Exacerbates Herpes Simplex Viral Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Current Progress and Future Perspective of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection: A Rising Threat to Women Health.Current microbiology · 2025Review
- Article
- Immunological Considerations for the Development of an Effective Herpes Vaccine.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Therapeutic prime/pull vaccination of HSV-2-infected guinea pigs with the ribonucleotide reductase 2 (RR2) protein and CXCL11 chemokine boosts antiviral local tissue-resident and effector memory CD4Journal of virology · 2024Article
- The Interplay of Genital Herpes with Cellular Processes: A Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Perspective.Viruses · 2023Review
- Boosting of vaginal HSV-2-specific B and T cell responses by intravaginal therapeutic immunization results in diminished recurrent HSV-2 disease.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Mucosal CCL28 Chemokine Improves Protection against Genital Herpes through Mobilization of Antiviral Effector Memory CCR10+CD44+ CD62L-CD8+ T Cells and Memory CCR10+B220+CD27+ B Cells into the Infected Vaginal Mucosa.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Antiviral CD19Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Combinatorial Herpes Simplex Vaccine Strategies: From Bedside to Bench and Back.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Vaginal delivery of vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2021Review
- Lipopeptides for Vaccine Development.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2021Review
- Healing of Ocular Herpetic Disease Following Treatment With an Engineered FGF-1 Is Associated With Increased Corneal Anti-Inflammatory M2 Macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Imiquimod suppresses respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) replication via PKA pathway and reduces RSV induced-inflammation and viral load in mice lungs.Antiviral research · 2020Article
- Blockade of PD-1 and LAG-3 Immune Checkpoints Combined with Vaccination Restores the Function of Antiviral Tissue-Resident CD8Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Therapeutic Mucosal Vaccination of Herpes Simplex Virus 2-Infected Guinea Pigs with Ribonucleotide Reductase 2 (RR2) Protein Boosts Antiviral Neutralizing Antibodies and Local Tissue-Resident CD4Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Unique Type I Interferon, Expansion/Survival Cytokines, and JAK/STAT Gene Signatures of Multifunctional Herpes Simplex Virus-Specific Effector Memory CD8Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Mechanisms of Immune Control of Mucosal HSV Infection: A Guide to Rational Vaccine Design.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The next generation of needle-free mucosal vaccines is being rationally designed according to rules that govern the way in which the epitopes are recognized by and stimulate the genital mucosal immune system. We hypothesized that synthetic peptide epitopes extended with an agonist of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2), that are abundantly expressed by dendritic and epithelial cells of the vaginal mucosa, would lead to induction of protective immunity against genital herpes. To test this hypothesis, we intravaginally (IVAG) immunized wild-type B6, TLR-2 (TLR2(-/-)) or myeloid differentiation factor 88 deficient (MyD88(-/-)) mice with a herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) CD8+ T-cell peptide epitope extended by a palmitic acid moiety (a TLR-2 agonist). IVAG delivery of the lipopeptide generated HSV-2-specific memory CD8+ cytotoxic T cells both locally in the genital tract draining lymph nodes and systemically in the spleen. Moreover, lipopeptide-immunized TLR2(-/-) and MyD88(-/-) mice developed significantly less HSV-specific CD8+ T-cell response, earlier death, faster disease progression, and higher vaginal HSV-2 titers compared to lipopeptide-immunized wild-type B6 mice. IVAG immunization with self-adjuvanting lipid-tailed peptides appears to be a novel mucosal vaccine approach, which has attractive practical and immunological features.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.