ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2009
Toward diagnosing Leishmania infantum infection in asymptomatic dogs in an area where leishmaniasis is endemic.
Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of rK39 rapid diagnostic tests for canine visceral leishmaniasis: longitudinal study and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2013Pooled it
- Efficacy of a slow-release imidacloprid (10%)/flumethrin (4.5%) collar for the prevention of canine leishmaniosis.Parasites & vectors · 2014Trial
- Gentamicin-attenuated Leishmania infantum vaccine: protection of dogs against canine visceral leishmaniosis in endemic area of southeast of Iran.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2014Trial
- Updated Canine Leishmaniosis Working Group recommendations for leishmaniosis in dogs: Q&A on clinical management.Parasites & vectors · 2026Review
- Hair quantitative PCR outperforms blood analysis for detecting Leishmania DNA in dogs: a non-invasive tool for clinical states of infection.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Zoonotic leishmaniasis in China: Current status and challenges to elimination.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Leishmania infantum in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes): from clinical findings to cytokine expression.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Leishmania Infection: A Bioorganic Model Under the Light of Benchtop Low Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.Biological procedures online · 2026Article
- Seasonal variation of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies and laboratory abnormalities in dogs with leishmaniosis.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- High prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in the blood of clinically healthy dogs in Hong Kong.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Abscence of specific humoral response in three dogs with clinical leishmaniosis.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Species-specific variation in predicted distribution and habitat suitability of phlebotomine sand flies in Italy under different climate change scenarios.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Rapid isothermal molecular tests to discriminate between Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum infections in dogs.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Candidate antigens for serological testing (ELISA) and diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2025Article
- Saurian-associated Leishmania tarentolae in dogs: Infectivity and immunogenicity evaluation in the canine model.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Feline leishmaniosis in the Mediterranean Basin: a multicenter study.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Leishmania spp. in equids and their potential vectors in endemic areas of canine leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Q3 lab-on-chip real-time PCR for the diagnosis ofJournal of clinical microbiology · 2024Article
- Comparative Study of Colorimetric In Situ Hybridization and Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Diagnosis of Infection byTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Refinement of the rKLi8.3-Based Serodiagnostic ELISA Allows Detection of Canine Leishmaniosis in Dogs with Low Antibody Titers.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The most frequently used diagnostic methods were compared in a longitudinal survey with Leishmania infantum-infected asymptomatic dogs from an area of Italy where leishmaniasis is endemic. In February and March 2005, 845 asymptomatic dogs were tested by an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), a dipstick assay (DS), and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for L. infantum and by IFAT for Ehrlichia canis. Dogs seronegative for L. infantum were further parasitologically evaluated by microscopic examination of lymph node tissues and PCR of skin samples. A total of 204 animals both serologically and parasitologically negative for L. infantum at the first sampling were enrolled in the trial and were further examined for canine leishmaniasis (CanL) and canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in November 2005 (i.e., the end of the first sandfly season) and March 2006 and 2007 (1- and 2-year follow-ups, respectively). At the initial screening, the overall rates of L. infantum seroprevalence were 9.5% by IFAT, 17.1% by ELISA, and 9.8% by DS and the overall rate of E. canis seroprevalence was 15%. The rates of concordance between the results of IFAT and DS were almost equal, whereas the rate of concordance between the results of IFAT and DS and those of the ELISA was lower. The results of the annual incidence of Leishmania infection were variable, depending on the test employed, with the highest values registered for PCR (i.e., 5.7% and 11.4% at the 1- and 2-year follow-ups, respectively), followed by ELISA, IFAT, and DS. Over the 2 years of observation, 55 animals (i.e., 26.9%) became positive for L. infantum by one or more diagnostic tests at different follow-up times, with 12.7% showing clinical signs related to CanL, while the remaining 87.3% were asymptomatic. A diagnostic scheme for assessment of the L. infantum infection status in asymptomatic dogs is suggested.
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