Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19127543›Full record

SynthesisCancer2009

Increased ovarian cancer risk associated with menopausal estrogen therapy is reduced by adding a progestin.

Celeste Leigh Pearce, Karine Chung, Malcolm C Pike, Anna H Wu

Open access · greenAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Cancer, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
11.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Trial
  6. Article
  7. Global epidemiology of epithelial ovarian cancer.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2024
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Likelihood of Hormone Therapy Use among Women in the Nurses' Health Study II: A 26-Year Prospective Analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. A heartfelt message, estrogen replacement therapy: use it or lose it.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2018
    Review
  19. Ovarian Cancer Prevention in High-risk Women.Clinical obstetrics and gynecology · 2017
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Celeste Leigh PearceDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA. cpearce@usc.edu
Karine Chung
Malcolm C Pike
Anna H Wu
University of Southern California · USUSC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center · US

Funding

USC CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY &BIOSTATISTICS UNITP01CA017054 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI PIKE, MALCOLM C · 1985 to 2009
$18.2M
NCI NIH HHS 5P01 CA 017054-28NCI NIH HHS P01 CA017054
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIt has become increasingly clear that use of menopausal hormone therapy (HT) is associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer; however, the effects by type of formulation and duration of use are less clear. A systematic review of the HT and ovarian cancer literature was conducted to identify population-based case-control studies, cohort studies, and randomized trials that examined effects by formulation of HT (estrogen-alone [ET] and estrogen plus progestin [EPT]) and duration of use.

methodsPub-Med (www.pubmed.gov) was used to identify relevant publications through December 2007; 14 studies were identified. The authors abstracted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in relation to duration of HT use (ET and EPT separately). The authors used the risk estimates per year of HT use if these were provided; otherwise, they calculated a duration-response for a log-linear model of the duration of HT use against risk.

resultsOvarian cancer risk was increased among ET users (RR per 5 years of use, RR(5) = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.18-1.27; P < .0001), and a lower but still statistically significant increased risk was seen with EPT use (RR(5) = 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04-1.16; P = .001). The increased risk in ET users was statistically significantly higher than the increased risk in EPT users (P = .004).

conclusionsET use increases risk of ovarian cancer in a duration-dependent manner, and it appears that the addition of progestins blocks this effect, at least to some extent. Whether the effect of estrogens would be completely blocked if progestins were given every day is unclear.

Indexed as

MenopauseEstrogen Replacement TherapyEstrogensFemaleHumansOvarian NeoplasmsProgestinsRisk AssessmentEstrogensProgestins

Identifiers

PMID19127543
PMCPMC4203480
OpenAlexW2047701458

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.