Trial reportJournal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN2009
High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to the cerebellum and implicit processing of happy facial expressions.
Trial report in Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Neurocognitive Changes in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3: A Systematic Review with a Narrative Design.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Probing cerebellar involvement in cognition through a meta-analysis of TMS evidence.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Female Cerebellum Seems Sociable; An iTBS Investigation.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2024Trial
- Modulating mental state recognition by anodal tDCS over the cerebellum.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Cerebellar contribution to emotion regulation and its association with medial frontal GABA level.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2025Article
- Consensus Paper: Cerebellum and Reward.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2024Review
- Cerebellar Neurostimulation for Boosting Social and Affective Functions: Implications for the Rehabilitation of Hereditary Ataxia Patients.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2024Review
- The Predictive Role of the Posterior Cerebellum in the Processing of Dynamic Emotions.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2024Article
- Cerebellar non-invasive stimulation of social and emotional mentalizing: A meta-analysis.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Neurocognitive and cerebellar function in ADHD, autism and spinocerebellar ataxia.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2023Review
- A Brief History of Cerebellar Neurostimulation.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2022Review
- New Horizons on Non-invasive Brain Stimulation of the Social and Affective Cerebellum.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2022Review
- Cerebellum and Emotion in Social Behavior.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Introduction into the Role of the Cerebellum in Emotion.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Cerebellum and Emotion Processing.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Non-invasive Brain Stimulation of the Cerebellum in Emotion.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- The Neurophysiology of the Cerebellum in Emotion.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Cerebellum and Neurorehabilitation in Emotion with a Focus on Neuromodulation.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Consensus Paper: Cerebellum and Social Cognition.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2020Review
- The basal ganglia and the cerebellum in human emotion.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrevious research has demonstrated that the cerebellum is involved in emotive and cognitive processes. Furthermore, recent findings suggest high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the cerebellum has mood-improving properties. We sought to further explore the effects of cerebellar high-frequency rTMS on implicit processing of emotional stimuli and mood.
methodsIn a double-blind, crossover study, 15 healthy volunteers received 15 minutes of 20 Hz (5 s on, 5 s off) rTMS over the medial cerebellum, occipital cortex or sham in a randomized counterbalanced order on 3 consecutive days. A masked emotional faces response task measured implicit emotional processing of happy, fearful and neutral facial expressions. We used positive and negative affect scales to evaluate rTMS-related changes in mood.
resultsHigh-frequency rTMS over the cerebellum was associated with significant increases in masked emotional responses to happy facial expressions only. We observed no changes in consciously experienced mood. LIMITATIONS: Although the sham rTMS served as our baseline measurement, additional pre-rTMS data showing that reaction time increases immediately after cerebellar rTMS would have made our results more compelling.
conclusionThe results replicate and extend previous findings by establishing a direct relation between the cerebellum and emotive information-processing. The parallel between the present effects of high-frequency cerebellar rTMS and short-term antidepressant therapy regarding the change in implicit processing of positive stimuli in the absence of mood changes is notable and warrants further research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
19125214PMC2612080What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.