ReviewJournal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN2009
Cascading effects of stressors and inflammatory immune system activation: implications for major depressive disorder.
Review in Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02628054 (Investigating the Effects of Typhoid Vaccine on Sleep in Healthy Volunteers), which is not on this map. Cited by 130 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Investigating the Effects of Typhoid Vaccine on Sleep in Healthy Volunteers
Who cites it
130 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 279 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interleukin-1β (C-511T) Genetic Variant and Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Associations of Mediterranean diet with psychological ill-being and well-being throughout the pregnancy course: The GESTAFIT project.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2022Trial
- The synaptic triad in depression: how stress-related pathways converge on BDNF, NMDA receptor, and MMP-9.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Review
- The past and future of integrated biopsychosocial whole-health perspectives in psychiatric rehabilitation.Psychiatric rehabilitation journal · 2026Review
- Chronic Stress and Autoimmunity: The Role of HPA Axis and Cortisol Dysregulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The association between nutrients intake, diet quality and food insecurity with depression in patients with coronary artery disease.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Observational
- Comorbidity of Depression and Diabetes: A Literature Review on Systemic Flaws in Healthcare and the Benefits of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment in Primary Care Settings.Current diabetes reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Plasma Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Levels and BDNF Promoters' DNA Methylation in Workers Exposed to Occupational Stress and Suffering from Psychiatric Disorders.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Diagnostic value and correlation analysis of serum cytokine levels in patients with multiple system atrophy.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Stress to inflammation and anhedonia: Mechanistic insights from preclinical and clinical models.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- Article
- Utility of Serum Interleukine-6 Level in Empty Nose Syndrome.International journal of medical sciences · 2023Article
- The association between fatty acid quality indices and quality of life among overweight and obese women: A cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Blood-derived deoxyribonucleic acid methylation clusters associate with adverse social exposures and endophenotypes of stress-related psychiatric illness in a trauma-exposed cohort of women.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Interaction between dietary total antioxidant capacity and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on lipid profiles and atherogenic indices among diabetic patients.Scientific reports · 2021Observational
- Associations between childhood family emotional health, fronto-limbic grey matter volume, and saliva 5mC in young adulthood.Clinical epigenetics · 2021Article
- Canonical TGF-β signaling regulates the relationship between prenatal maternal depression and amygdala development in early life.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Article
- Do health behaviors mediate associations between personality traits and diabetes incidence?Annals of epidemiology · 2021Article
70 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Activation of the inflammatory immune system provokes numerous neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter changes, many of which are similar to those provoked by physical or psychological stressors. These findings, among others, have led to the suggestion that the brain translates immune activation much as if it were a stressor. In this review, I provide synopses of the effects of traditional stressors on the release of corticotropin-releasing hormones at hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic sites, variations of serotonin and its receptors and changes of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). These effects are similar to those elicited by activation of the inflammatory immune system, particularly the impact of the immune-signalling molecules interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-alpha on neuroendocrine, neurotransmitter and BDNF function. In addition, it is reported that stressors and cytokines may synergistically influence biological and behavioural processes and that these treatments may have long-term ramifications through the sensitization of processes associated with stress responses. Finally, I present an overview of the depressogenic actions of these cytokines in rodent models and in humans, and I provide provisional suggestions (and caveats) about the mechanisms by which cytokines and stressors might culminate in major depressive disorder.
Indexed as
Identifiers
19125209PMC2612083W2101887680What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.