ArticleNeurology2009
Smoking and family history and risk of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Article in Neurology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00930280 (Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Hemorrhagic Stroke), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Hemorrhagic Stroke
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sex Disparities in Intracranial Aneurysm Trial Participation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- The Relationship Between Smoking and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Cotinine levels influence the risk of rupture of brain aneurysms.Acta neurologica Scandinavica · 2022Trial
- Introducing Bayesian Analysis for Clinicians: Sex-Associated Risk Assessment of Intracranial Aneurysms.Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement · 2025Article
- Sex differences in patients with and without high-risk factors associated with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.Acta neurochirurgica · 2024Article
- Risk factor synergism in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a cross-sectional study.Acta neurochirurgica · 2023Article
- An Analysis of the Incidence and Cost of Intracranial Aneurysm and Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Treatment between 2013 and 2021.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Intracranial Aneurysm Classifier Using Phenotypic Factors: An International Pooled Analysis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Classification models using circulating neutrophil transcripts can detect unruptured intracranial aneurysm.Journal of translational medicine · 2020Article
- Demographic and morphological characteristics associated with rupture status of anterior communicating artery aneurysms.Neurosurgical review · 2020Article
- Family History, Tobacco Smoking, and Risk of Ischemic Stroke.Journal of stroke · 2019Article
- Development and internal validation of an aneurysm rupture probability model based on patient characteristics and aneurysm location, morphology, and hemodynamics.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2018Article
- Number of Cigarettes Smoked Per Day, Smoking Index, and Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture: A Case-Control Study.Frontiers in neurology · 2018Article
- Epidemiologic and Demographic Features, Therapeutic Intervention and Prognosis of the Patients with Cerebral Aneurysm.Advanced biomedical research · 2018Article
- Association of intracranial aneurysm rupture with smoking duration, intensity, and cessation.Neurology · 2017Article
- A 54-year-old man with 12 intracranial aneurysms and familial subarachnoid hemorrhage: case report.Neurosurgical review · 2016Article
- Difference in Aneurysm Characteristics between Patients with Familial and Sporadic Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage.PloS one · 2016Article
- Factors affecting the development of adverse drug reactions (Review article).Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2014Review
- Inflammation and human cerebral aneurysms: current and future treatment prospects.Future neurology · 2013Article
- The role of oxidative stress in cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture.Current neurovascular research · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveSmoking and family history of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) are independent risk factors for aSAH. Using a population-based case-control study of hemorrhagic stroke, we hypothesized that having both a first-degree relative with a brain aneurysm or SAH (+FH) and current smoking interact to increase the risk of aSAH.
methodsCases of aneurysmal SAH were prospectively recruited from all 17 hospitals in the five-county region around the University of Cincinnati. Controls were identified by random digit dialing. Controls were matched to cases of aSAH by age (+/-5 years), race, and sex. Conditional multiple logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors. For deviation from the additive model, the interaction constant ratio test was used.
resultsA total of 339 cases of aSAH were matched to 1,016 controls. Compared to current nonsmokers with no first-degree relatives with aSAH (-FH), the odds ratio (OR) for aSAH for current nonsmokers with +FH was 2.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.9-6.9); for current smokers with -FH, OR = 3.1 (95% CI 2.2-4.4); and for current smokers with +FH, OR = 6.4 (95% CI 3.1-13. 2). The interaction constant ratio, which measured the deviation from the additive model, was significant: 2.19 (95% CI 0.80-5.99). The lower bound of the 95% CI >0.5 signifies a departure from the additive model.
conclusionEvidence of a gene-environment interaction with smoking exists for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. This finding is important to counseling family members and for screening of intracranial aneurysm (IA) as well as the design and interpretation of genetic epidemiology of IA studies.
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Registered trials
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