ReviewAutoimmunity reviews2009
Heat-shock proteins can promote as well as regulate autoimmunity.
Review in Autoimmunity reviews, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Utility of mimicking B cell epitopes between Mycobacterium leprae and host as prognostic biomarkers in type 1 reaction in leprosy.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- GUTAID: a curated database linking gut microbial antigens to autoimmune mechanisms.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2026Article
- Scavenger receptors: key players in the immunological puzzle of lupus.Frontiers in lupus · 2025Article
- Interplay between the Chaperone System and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Pathogenesis: Is Molecular Mimicry the Missing Link between Those Two Factors?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Introducing Molecular Chaperones into the Causality and Prospective Management of Autoimmune Hepatitis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2023Review
- Heat Shock Proteins in Behçet SyndromeBalkan medical journal · 2023Review
- Mycobacterial Heat Shock Proteins in Sarcoidosis and Tuberculosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Immunogenic Cell Death Associated Molecular Patterns and the Dual Role of IL17RA in Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Particle-Based therapies for antigen specific treatment of type 1 diabetes.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Oral and Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Central Role ofFrontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Article
- The Immunogenetics of Alopecia areata.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- The Pathophysiological Role of Heat Shock Response in Autoimmunity: A Literature Review.Cells · 2021Review
- Using Omics Approaches in the Discovery of Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Johne's Disease in Sheep and Goats.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Potential Antiviral Immune Response Against COVID-19: Lessons Learned from SARS-CoV.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Article
- Heat Shock Proteins and Their Role in Pregnancy: Redefining the Function of "Old Rum in a New Bottle".Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Quantitative Proteomic Analyses To Reveal the Key Features of Proteins in New Onset Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients.ACS omega · 2020Article
- DNA vaccine encoding heat shock protein 90 protects from murine lupus.Arthritis research & therapy · 2020Article
- Atheroprotective nasal immunization with a heat shock protein 60 peptide fromJournal of periodontal & implant science · 2020Article
- Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 Autoantibodies Are Associated with Carotid Atherosclerosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients.ImmunoHorizons · 2020Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Heat-shock proteins (Hsps) are among the most highly conserved and immunogenic proteins shared by microbial agents and mammals. Under physiological conditions, the ubiquitously distributed Hsps maintain the integrity and function of other cellular proteins when cells are exposed to stressful stimuli. However, owing to their conserved nature and stress inducibility, Hsps may become targets of immune response. The T cells and/or antibodies induced by a microbial Hsp may crossreact with the corresponding mammalian Hsp (molecular mimicry) and trigger an autoimmune response, which if unchecked can lead to immune pathology and clinical manifestations. Furthermore, enhanced expression of Hsp under stress can unveil previously hidden antigenic determinants that can initiate and perpetuate autoimmune reactivity. Also, the innate immune mechanisms activated by an Hsp can reinforce and even direct the type of adaptive immune response to that protein. Hsps have been implicated in the induction and propagation of autoimmunity in several diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis and type 1 diabetes. However, Hsps possess immunoregulatory attributes as well and therefore, are being exploited for immunomodulation of various immune-mediated disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.