Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19121080›Full record

ArticleParasite immunology2009

Germinal centre and marginal zone B cells expand quickly in a second Plasmodium chabaudi malaria infection producing mature plasma cells.

R Stephens, F M Ndungu, J Langhorne

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Parasite immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Infection vs. Reinfection: The Immunomodulation of Erythropoiesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. IgMParasitology · 2020
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Development of B Cell Memory in Malaria.Frontiers in immunology · 2019
    Review
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  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

R StephensNational Institute for Medical Research, Division of Parasitology, London, UK.
F M Ndungu
J Langhorne
Medical Research Council · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_U117584248
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antibodies and B cells are critical in the protective immune response to the blood stage of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium chabaudi. However, little is known about the development of memory B cells and their differentiation into plasma cells during infection or after re-infection. Here we have shown that B cells with phenotypic characteristics of memory cells (CD19(+)IgD(-) CD38(+), IgG1(+)) are generated in a primary Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi infection of mice. In addition, we observed that germinal centre cells (CD19(+), GL7(+), MHCII(hi)) and Marginal Zone B cells (CD19(+)CD23(-)IgD(-)) show faster expansion on re-infection than in the primary, though other subsets do not. Interestingly, though both IgM(-) and IgM(+) memory cells are produced, IgM(+) memory cells do not expand on second infection. The second infection quickly produced mature bone marrow plasma cells (intracellular Ig(hi), CD138(hi), CD9(+), B220(-)), compared to primary infection; which generates a very large population of immature splenic plasma cells (B220+). This analysis suggests that a memory B cell population is generated after a single infection of malaria, which on re-infection responds quickly producing germinal centres and generating long-lived plasma cells making the second encounter with parasite more efficient.

Indexed as

Immunologic MemoryAnimalsB-LymphocytesFemaleFlow CytometryGerminal CenterLymphocyte SubsetsMalariaMiceMice, Inbred C57BLPlasma CellsPlasmodium chabaudi

Identifiers

PMID19121080
PMCPMC2680269
OpenAlexW2043261057

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.