ReviewThe AAPS journal2009
Protein binding of antimicrobials: methods for quantification and for investigation of its impact on bacterial killing.
Review in The AAPS journal, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- An Overview of the Protein Binding of Cephalosporins in Human Body Fluids: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- A population pharmacokinetic model of intravenous telavancin in healthy individuals to assess tissue exposure.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2019Trial
- Protein Binding of Cefazolin is Not Saturated in Human Synovial Fluid After Single-Dose Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2026Article
- Review
- Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Florfenicol in Freshwater Crocodiles (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Article
- Prosthetic Joint Infection Research Models in NZW Rabbits: Opportunities for Standardization-A Systematic Review.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2024Review
- Interspecies variability in protein binding of antibiotics basis for translational PK/PD studies-a case study using cefazolin.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Effect of albumin substitution on pharmacokinetics of piperacillin/tazobactam in patients with severe burn injury admitted to the ICU.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Microstructure, Physical and Biological Properties, and BSA Binding Investigation of Electrospun Nanofibers Made of Poly(AA-co-ACMO) Copolymer and Polyurethane.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Protein Binding in Translational Antimicrobial Development-Focus on Interspecies Differences.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Armeniaspirol analogues with more potent Gram-positive antibiotic activity show enhanced inhibition of the ATP-dependent proteases ClpXP and ClpYQ.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2022Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Fungal Defensin NZX AgainstFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Antibacterial Profile of a Microbicidal Agent Targeting Tyrosine Phosphatases and Redox Thiols, Novel Drug Targets.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Population Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Amoxicillin Combined With Clavulanic Acid in Healthy and Critically Ill Dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- Prediction of Minocycline Activity in the Gut From a Pig Preclinical Model Using a Pharmacokinetic -Pharmacodynamic Approach.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Albumin in Tears Modulates Bacterial Susceptibility to Topical Antibiotics in Ophthalmology.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Comparative Plasma Pharmacokinetics of Ceftriaxone and Ertapenem in Normoalbuminemia, Hypoalbuminemia, and Albumin Replacement in a Sheep Model.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2020Article
- Paclitaxel, Imatinib and 5-Fluorouracil Increase the Unbound Fraction of Flucloxacillin In Vitro.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Plasma protein binding of antimicrobial agents is considered to be a key characteristic of antibiotics as it affects both their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. However, up to the present, no standard methods for measuring protein binding or for quantification of the influence of protein binding on antimicrobial activity exist. This short-coming has previously led to conflicting results on antibacterial activity of highly protein-bound antibiotics. The present review, therefore, set out to summarize (1) methods for quantification of protein binding, (2) microbiological growth media used for determination of the impact of protein binding on antimicrobial activity of antibiotics, and (3) different pharmacodynamic in vitro studies that are used in this context. The advantages and disadvantages of a wide range of different approaches are discussed and compared. The urgent call for international standardization by microbiological societies and laboratories may be considered as a logical consequence of the presented data.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.