ArticleJournal of bacteriology2009
Relative contributions of recombination and mutation to the diversification of the opa gene repertoire of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diversity and evolution of a phase-variable multi-locus antigen in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Diversity and evolution of a phase-variable multi-locus antigen inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Neutrophil CEACAMs and the Inflammatory Response toJournal of innate immunity · 2026Review
- In Vitro Analysis of Matched Isolates from Localized and Disseminated Gonococcal Infections Suggests That Opa Expression Impacts Clinical Outcome.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Quantifying Carcinoembryonic Antigen-like Cell Adhesion Molecule-Targeted Liposome Delivery Using Imaging Flow Cytometry.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2019Article
- Epidemiological Trends of Antibiotic Resistant Gonorrhoea in the United Kingdom.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- Neisserial Opa Protein-CEACAM Interactions: Competition for Receptors as a Means of Bacterial Invasion and Pathogenesis.Biochemistry · 2016Article
- Article
- Positive Selection Pressure Drives Variation on the Surface-Exposed Variable Proteins of the Pathogenic Neisseria.PloS one · 2016Article
- Rho GTPases as pathogen targets: Focus on curable sexually transmitted infections.Small GTPases · 2015Review
- Contrasting within- and between-host immune selection shapes Neisseria Opa repertoires.Scientific reports · 2014Article
- Structure of the Neisserial outer membrane protein Opa₆₀: loop flexibility essential to receptor recognition and bacterial engulfment.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2014Article
- Genomic and global approaches to unravelling how hypermutable sequences influence bacterial pathogenesis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2014Review
- The use of high-throughput DNA sequencing in the investigation of antigenic variation: application to Neisseria species.PloS one · 2014Article
- The biology of Neisseria adhesins.Biology · 2013Article
- Construction and characterization of a derivative of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain MS11 devoid of all opa genes.Journal of bacteriology · 2012Article
- Review and international recommendation of methods for typing neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates and their implications for improved knowledge of gonococcal epidemiology, treatment, and biology.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2011Review
- Computational resources in infectious disease: limitations and challenges.PLoS computational biology · 2009Review
- The modular architecture of meningococcal factor H-binding protein.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To understand the rates and mechanisms of Neisseria gonorrhoeae opa gene variation, the 11 opa genes were amplified independently so that an opa allelic profile could be defined for any isolate from the sequences at each locus. The opa allelic profiles from 14 unrelated isolates were all different, with no opa alleles shared between isolates. Examination of very closely related isolates from sexual contacts and sexual networks showed that these typically shared most opa alleles, and the mechanisms by which recent changes occurred at individual opa loci could be determined. The great majority of changes were due to recombination among existing alleles that duplicated an opa allele present at another locus or resulted in a mosaic of existing opa alleles. Single nucleotide changes or insertion/deletion of a single codon also occurred, but few of these events were assigned to mutation, the majority being assigned to localized recombination. Introduction of novel opa genes from coinfecting strains was rare, and all but one were observed in the same sexual network. Changes at opa loci occurred at a greater rate than those at the porin locus, and the opa11 locus changed more rapidly than other opa loci, almost always differing even between recent sexual contacts. Examination of the neighboring pilE gene showed that changes at opa11 and pilE often occurred together, although this linkage may not be a causal one.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.