ReviewPharmacological reviews2008
Chemistry and antihypertensive effects of tempol and other nitroxides.
Review in Pharmacological reviews, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 166 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
166 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical pharmacology and tolerability of REC-994, a redox-cycling nitroxide compound, in randomized phase 1 dose-finding studies.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2024Trial
- ClpC1-dependent iron homeostasis underlies mycobacterial defense against oxygen-driven Fenton reaction during reactivation.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- MitoTEMPO modulates trigeminal activation and mitochondrial biogenesis in a nitroglycerin-induced migraine model.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Tempol Exerts Radioprotective Effects by Suppressing Radiation-Induced DNA Double-Strand Break Formation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Inactivation of cAMP receptor protein (MSMEG_6189) increases isoniazid susceptibility inJournal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Effects of tempol on renal medullary tissue hypoxia in an ovine model of Gram-negative septic acute kidney injury.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Engineering Dual Active Sites and Defect Structure in Nanozymes to Reprogram Jawbone Microenvironment for Osteoradionecrosis Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- MIF tautomerase inhibitor TE-11 prevents inflammatory macrophage activation and glycolytic reprogramming while reducing leukocyte migration and improving Crohn's disease-like colitis in male mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Anti irradiation nanoparticles shelter immune organ from radio-damage via preventing the IKK/IκB/NF-κB activation.Molecular cancer · 2024Article
- Tempol, a Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic, Inhibits Wallerian Degeneration Following Spinal Cord Injury by Preventing Glutathione Depletion and Aldose Reductase Activation.Journal of neurotrauma · 2024Article
- Reaction Mechanisms of HAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Treatment of spontaneously hypertensive rats during pregnancy and lactation with the antioxidant tempol lowers blood pressure and reduces oxidative stress.Experimental animals · 2024Article
- Sex-dependent effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia: implication for obstructive sleep apnea.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Tempol effect on oxidative and mitochondrial markers in preclinical models for prostate cancer.Toxicology research · 2024Article
- The Cellular and Organismal Effects of Nitroxides and Nitroxide-Containing Nanoparticles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Effect of Low Concentration of Nitroxides on SH-SY5Y Cells Transfected with the Tau Protein.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Antioxidants and Hybrid TEMPOL Derivatives in Ocular Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Glimpse into the Future.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Glucose oxidase and metal catalysts combined tumor synergistic therapy: mechanism, advance and nanodelivery system.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- The Antioxidant TEMPOL Protects Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells From Culture-Mediated Loss of Functions.Stem cells translational medicine · 2023Article
106 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Nitroxides can undergo one- or two-electron reduction reactions to hydroxylamines or oxammonium cations, respectively, which themselves are interconvertible, thereby providing redox metabolic actions. 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (tempol) is the most extensively studied nitroxide. It is a cell membrane-permeable amphilite that dismutates superoxide catalytically, facilitates hydrogen peroxide metabolism by catalase-like actions, and limits formation of toxic hydroxyl radicals produced by Fenton reactions. It is broadly effective in detoxifying these reactive oxygen species in cell and animal studies. When administered intravenously to hypertensive rodent models, tempol caused rapid and reversible dose-dependent reductions in blood pressure in 22 of 26 studies. This was accompanied by vasodilation, increased nitric oxide activity, reduced sympathetic nervous system activity at central and peripheral sites, and enhanced potassium channel conductance in blood vessels and neurons. When administered orally or by infusion over days or weeks to hypertensive rodent models, it reduced blood pressure in 59 of 68 studies. This was accompanied by correction of salt sensitivity and endothelial dysfunction and reduced agonist-evoked oxidative stress and contractility of blood vessels, reduced renal vascular resistance, and increased renal tissue oxygen tension. Thus, tempol is broadly effective in reducing blood pressure, whether given by acute intravenous injection or by prolonged administration, in a wide range of rodent models of hypertension.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.