ArticleToxicology and applied pharmacology2009
Mechanisms of fenthion activation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) acclimated to hypersaline environments.
Article in Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- An effective method for the simultaneous extraction of 173 contaminants of emerging concern in freshwater invasive species and its application.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Translation, ribosome biogenesis, and oxidative damage caused by chlorpyrifos exposure to common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) liver: application of combined RNA-seq with sRNA-seq in risk evaluation of environmental toxicant chlorpyrifos.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Salinity Alters Toxicity of Commonly Used Pesticides in a Model Euryhaline Fish Species (Toxics · 2021Article
- Article
- Changes in Menidia beryllina Gene Expression and In Vitro Hormone-Receptor Activation After Exposure to Estuarine Waters Near Treated Wastewater Outfalls.Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology · 2016Article
- Effects of salinity acclimation on the expression and activity of Phase I enzymes (CYP450 and FMOs) in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2014Article
- Effects of salinity acclimation on the endocrine disruption and acute toxicity of bifenthrin in freshwater and euryhaline strains of Oncorhynchus mykiss.Environmental toxicology and chemistry · 2013Article
- Interactions between chemical and climate stressors: a role for mechanistic toxicology in assessing climate change risks.Environmental toxicology and chemistry · 2013Article
- Effects of salinity acclimation on the pesticide-metabolizing enzyme flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP · 2013Article
- Hypersalinity acclimation increases the toxicity of the insecticide phorate in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).Environmental science & technology · 2011Article
- Natural factors to consider when using acetylcholinesterase activity as neurotoxicity biomarker in Young-Of-Year striped bass (Morone saxatilis).Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2011Article
- Microsomal biotransformation of chlorpyrifos, parathion and fenthion in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch): mechanistic insights into interspecific differences in toxicity.Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2011Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Previous studies in rainbow trout have shown that acclimation to hypersaline environments enhances the toxicity to thioether organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. In order to determine the role of biotransformation in this process, the metabolism of the thioether organophosphate biocide, fenthion was evaluated in microsomes from gills, liver and olfactory tissues in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) acclimated to freshwater and 17 per thousand salinity. Hypersalinity acclimation increased the formation of fenoxon and fenoxon sulfoxide from fenthion in liver microsomes from rainbow trout, but not in gills or in olfactory tissues. NADPH-dependent and independent hydrolysis was observed in all tissues, but only NADPH-dependent fenthion cleavage was differentially modulated by hypersalinity in liver (inhibited) and gills (induced). Enantiomers of fenthion sulfoxide (65% and 35% R- and S-fenthion sulfoxide, respectively) were formed in liver and gills. The predominant pathway of fenthion activation in freshwater appears to be initiated through initial formation of fenoxon which may be subsequently converted to the most toxic metabolite fenoxon R-sulfoxide. However, in hypersaline conditions both fenoxon and fenthion sulfoxide formation may precede fenoxon sulfoxide formation. Stereochemical evaluation of sulfoxide formation, cytochrome P450 inhibition studies with ketoconazole and immunoblots indicated that CYP3A27 was primarily involved in the enhancement of fenthion activation in hypersaline-acclimated fish with limited contribution of FMO to initial sulfoxidation.
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