Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19110459›Full record

ArticleMolecular cell2009

Subunit compositions of the RNA-silencing enzymes Pol IV and Pol V reveal their origins as specialized forms of RNA polymerase II.

Thomas S Ream, Jeremy R Haag, Andrzej T Wierzbicki, Carrie D Nicora, Angela D Norbeck, Jian-Kang Zhu, Gretchen Hagen, Thomas J Guilfoyle, Ljiljana Pasa-Tolić, Craig S Pikaard

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular cell, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 151 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
151citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
27.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

151 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 261 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. The genetic control of rapid genome content divergence inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  7. RNA mNature plants · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
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91 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Thomas S ReamBiology Department, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
Jeremy R Haag
Andrzej T Wierzbicki
Carrie D Nicora
Angela D Norbeck
Jian-Kang Zhu
Gretchen Hagen
Thomas J Guilfoyle
Ljiljana Pasa-Tolić
Craig S Pikaard
Washington University in St. Louis · USPacific Northwest National Laboratory · USUniversity of Missouri · USUniversity of California, Riverside · US

Funding

WORKSHOP AND TRAINING ACTIVITIESP41RR018522 · NCRR · BATTELLE PACIFIC NORTHWEST LABORATORIES · PI SMITH, RICHARD D · 2003 to 2011
$25.1M
Roles of RNA Polymerases IV and V in siRNA-mediated gene silencingR01GM077590 · NIGMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI PIKAARD, CRAIG STUART · 2006 to 2020
$3.5M
NCRR NIH HHS P41 RR018522NCRR NIH HHS RR18522NIGMS NIH HHS GM077590NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM077590
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In addition to RNA polymerases I, II, and III, the essential RNA polymerases present in all eukaryotes, plants have two additional nuclear RNA polymerases, abbreviated as Pol IV and Pol V, that play nonredundant roles in siRNA-directed DNA methylation and gene silencing. We show that Arabidopsis Pol IV and Pol V are composed of subunits that are paralogous or identical to the 12 subunits of Pol II. Four subunits of Pol IV are distinct from their Pol II paralogs, six subunits of Pol V are distinct from their Pol II paralogs, and four subunits differ between Pol IV and Pol V. Importantly, the subunit differences occur in key positions relative to the template entry and RNA exit paths. Our findings support the hypothesis that Pol IV and Pol V are Pol II-like enzymes that evolved specialized roles in the production of noncoding transcripts for RNA silencing and genome defense.

Indexed as

RNA InterferenceAmino Acid SequenceArabidopsis ProteinsDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesDNA MethylationDNA, PlantGene SilencingModels, BiologicalMolecular Sequence DataPhylogenyPlants, Genetically ModifiedProtein SubunitsRNA Polymerase IIRNA, Small InterferingRNA, UntranslatedSequence AlignmentArabidopsis ProteinsDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesDNA, PlantProtein SubunitsRNA Polymerase IIRNA polymerase IV, ArabidopsisRNA polymerase V, ArabidopsisRNA, Small InterferingRNA, Untranslated

Identifiers

PMID19110459
PMCPMC2946823
OpenAlexW2167183449

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.