Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19109417›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology of the cell2009

Systematic analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans reveals that the spindle checkpoint is composed of two largely independent branches.

Anthony Essex, Alexander Dammermann, Lindsay Lewellyn, Karen Oegema, Arshad Desai

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular biology of the cell, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 93 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. Low-fecunditymicroPublication biology · 2025
    Article
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  11. Review
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  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Spindle assembly checkpoint activation and silencing at kinetochores.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2021
    Review
  18. Bub1 kinase in the regulation of mitosis.Animal cells and systems · 2021
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Anthony EssexDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Alexander Dammermann
Lindsay Lewellyn
Karen Oegema
Arshad Desai
University of California, San Diego · USLudwig Cancer Research · US

Funding

GRADUATE TRAINING IN CELLULAR &MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGYT32GM007752 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BROWN, JOAN HELLER, HANDEL, TRACY M · 1985 to 2023
$13.5M
Kinetochore Specification and FunctionR01GM074215 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DESAI, ARSHAD · 2005 to 2025
$8.2M
Analysis of Centrosome DynamicsR01GM074207 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI OEGEMA, KAREN F · 2006 to 2025
$6.6M
NIGMS NIH HHS GM-074215NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM074207NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM074215NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007752
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Kinetochores use the spindle checkpoint to delay anaphase onset until all chromosomes have formed bipolar attachments to spindle microtubules. Here, we use controlled monopolar spindle formation to systematically define the requirements for spindle checkpoint signaling in the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo. The results, when interpreted in light of kinetochore assembly epistasis analysis, indicate that checkpoint activation is coordinately directed by the NDC-80 complex, the Rod/Zwilch/Zw10 complex, and BUB-1-three components independently targeted to the outer kinetochore by the scaffold protein KNL-1. These components orchestrate the integration of a core Mad1(MDF-1)/Mad2(MDF-2)-based signal, with a largely independent Mad3(SAN-1)/BUB-3 pathway. Evidence for independence comes from the fact that subtly elevating Mad2(MDF-2) levels bypasses the requirement for BUB-3 and Mad3(SAN-1) in kinetochore-dependent checkpoint activation. Mad3(SAN-1) does not accumulate at unattached kinetochores and BUB-3 kinetochore localization is independent of Mad2(MDF-2). We discuss the rationale for a bipartite checkpoint mechanism in which a core Mad1(MDF-1)/Mad2(MDF-2) signal generated at kinetochores is integrated with a separate cytoplasmic Mad3(SAN-1)/BUB-3-based pathway.

Indexed as

AnimalsCaenorhabditis elegansCaenorhabditis elegans ProteinsCell CycleEmbryo, NonmammalianGreen Fluorescent ProteinsKinetochoresModels, BiologicalProtein TransportRecombinant Fusion ProteinsSignal TransductionSpindle ApparatusCaenorhabditis elegans ProteinsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsRecombinant Fusion Proteins

Identifiers

PMID19109417
PMCPMC2642744
OpenAlexW2151248947

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.