ArticleJournal of virology2009
Reduced viral replication capacity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C caused by cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte escape mutations in HLA-B57 epitopes of capsid protein.
Article in Journal of virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Electron tomography of HIV-1 infection in gut-associated lymphoid tissue.PLoS pathogens · 2014Trial
- Role of transmitted Gag CTL polymorphisms in defining replicative capacity and early HIV-1 pathogenesis.PLoS pathogens · 2012Trial
- The Implications of HIV-1 Subtypes on Pathogenesis, Reservoirs and Cure Strategies.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Assessing fitness costs in malaria parasites: a comprehensive review and implications for drug resistance management.Malaria journal · 2025Review
- High frequency CCR5 editing in human hematopoietic stem progenitor cells protects xenograft mice from HIV infection.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Definition of a New HLA B*52-Restricted Rev CTL Epitope Targeted by an HIV-1-Infected Controller.Viruses · 2023Article
- Dual CD4-based CAR T cells with distinct costimulatory domains mitigate HIV pathogenesis in vivo.Nature medicine · 2020Article
- HIV-Resistant and HIV-Specific CAR-Modified CD4Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2020Article
- Accumulated mutations by 6 months of infection collectively render transmitted/founder HIV-1 significantly less fit.The Journal of infection · 2020Article
- Immunization of BLT Humanized Mice Redirects T Cell Responses to Gag and Reduces Acute HIV-1 Viremia.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- HIV-1 and SIV Infection Are Associated with Early Loss of Lung Interstitial CD4+ T Cells and Dissemination of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Cell reports · 2019Article
- Genotypic and Mechanistic Characterization of Subtype-Specific HIV Adaptation to Host Cellular Immunity.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Next-generation sequencing analyses of the emergence and maintenance of mutations in CTL epitopes in HIV controllers with differential viremia control.Retrovirology · 2018Article
- High-Resolution Sequencing of Viral Populations during Early Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Reveals Evolutionary Strategies for Rapid Escape from Emerging Env-Specific Antibody Responses.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Exploring Modifications of an HIV-1 Capsid Inhibitor: Design, Synthesis, and Mechanism of Action.Journal of drug design and research · 2018Article
- Are RNA Viruses Candidate Agents for the Next Global Pandemic? A Review.ILAR journal · 2017Review
- Host genotype and time dependent antigen presentation of viral peptides: predictions from theory.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- HIV-1 epitopes presented by MHC class I types associated with superior immune containment of viremia have highly constrained fitness landscapes.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Chemoattractant-mediated leukocyte trafficking enables HIV dissemination from the genital mucosa.JCI insight · 2017Article
- Impact of pre-adapted HIV transmission.Nature medicine · 2016Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) escape mutations in human immunodeficiency viruses encode amino acid substitutions in positions that disrupt CTL targeting, thereby increasing virus survival and conferring a relative fitness benefit. However, it is now clear that CTL escape mutations can also confer a fitness cost, and there is increasing evidence to suggest that in some cases, e.g., escape from HLA-B*57/B*5801-restricted responses, the costs to the escape virus may affect the clinical course of infection. To quantify the magnitude of the costs of HLA-B*57/B*5801 escape, a highly sensitive dual-infection assay that uses synonymous nucleotide sequence tags to quantify viral relative replication capacity (RRC) was developed. We then asked whether such CTL escape mutations had an impact equivalent to that seen for a benchmark mutation, the M184V antiretroviral drug resistance mutation of reverse transcriptase (RRC(V184) = 0.86). To answer the question, the RRCs were quantified for escape mutations in three immunodominant HLA-B*57/B*5801 epitopes in capsid: A146P in IW9 (RRC(P146) = 0.91), A163G in KF11 (RRC(G163) = 0.89), and T242N in TW10 (RRC(N242) = 0.86). Individually, the impact of the escape mutations on RRC was comparable to that of M184V, while coexpression of the mutations resulted in substantial further reductions, with the maximum impact observed for the triple mutant (RRC(P146-G163-N242) = 0.62). By comparison to M184V, the magnitude of the reductions in RRC caused by the escape mutations, particularly when coexpressed, suggests that the costs of escape are sufficient to affect in vivo viral dynamics and may thus play a role in the protective effect associated with HLA-B*57/B*5801.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.