ArticleBMC infectious diseases2008
Genotyping and drug resistance patterns of M. tuberculosis strains in Pakistan.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular epidemiology and genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in Baghdad.BioMed research international · 2014Trial
- Evaluation of drug susceptibility profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lineage 1 from Brazil based on whole genome sequencing and phenotypic methods.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2021Article
- There is significant relationship between Beijing genotype family strains and resistance to the first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in the Iranian population.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2020Article
- Spoligotype Diversity ofInternational journal of microbiology · 2020Article
- Whole genome sequencing of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from a high burden tuberculosis region of North West Pakistan.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Genetic diversity and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Yunnan, China.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2019Article
- Prevalence, risk and genetic characteristics of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a tertiary care tuberculosis hospital in China.Infection and drug resistance · 2019Article
- Spoligotyping analysis ofInfection and drug resistance · 2019Article
- Analysis of mutations in pncA reveals non-overlapping patterns among various lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- The high prevalence ofIranian journal of microbiology · 2017Article
- Emerging epidemic of drug resistant tuberculosis in vulnerable populations of developing countries.African health sciences · 2017Article
- Emergence of mixed infection of Beijing/Non-Beijing strains among multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Pakistan.3 Biotech · 2016Article
- Draft Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis KT-0204, Isolated in South Korea.Genome announcements · 2016Article
- Whole genome sequencing based characterization of extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Pakistan.PloS one · 2015Article
- Estimation of Recent Transmission of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Strains among Iranian and Afghan Immigrants: A Cluster-Based Study.Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR · 2014Article
- Prevalence and molecular characteristics of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Hunan, China.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Article
- Detection of Mycobacterium bovis in bovine and bubaline tissues using nested-PCR for TbD1.PloS one · 2014Article
- Spoligotyping and drug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from five provinces of Iran.MicrobiologyOpen · 2013Article
- High clustering rates of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes in Panama.BMC infectious diseases · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe incidence of tuberculosis in Pakistan is 181/100,000 population. However, information about transmission and geographical prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and their evolutionary genetics as well as drug resistance remains limited. Our objective was to determine the clonal composition, evolutionary genetics and drug resistance of M. tuberculosis isolates from different regions of the country.
methodsM. tuberculosis strains isolated (2003-2005) from specimens submitted to the laboratory through collection units nationwide were included. Drug susceptibility was performed and strains were spoligotyped.
resultsOf 926 M. tuberculosis strains studied, 721(78%) were grouped into 59 "shared types", while 205 (22%) were identified as "Orphan" spoligotypes. Amongst the predominant genotypes 61% were Central Asian strains (CAS ; including CAS1, CAS sub-families and Orphan Pak clusters), 4% East African-Indian (EAI), 3% Beijing, 2% poorly defined TB strains (T), 2% Haarlem and LAM (0.2). Also TbD1 analysis (M. tuberculosis specific deletion 1) confirmed that CAS1 was of "modern" origin while EAI isolates belonged to "ancestral" strain types.Prevalence of CAS1 clade was significantly higher in Punjab (P < 0.01, Pearsons Chi-square test) as compared with Sindh, North West Frontier Province and Balochistan provinces. Forty six percent of isolates were sensitive to five first line antibiotics tested, 45% were Rifampicin resistant, 50% isoniazid resistant. MDR was significantly associated with Beijing strains (P = 0.01, Pearsons Chi-square test) and EAI (P = 0.001, Pearsons Chi-square test), but not with CAS family.
conclusionOur results show variation of prevalent M. tuberculosis strain with greater association of CAS1 with the Punjab province. The fact that the prevalent CAS genotype was not associated with drug resistance is encouraging. It further suggests a more effective treatment and control programme should be successful in reducing the tuberculosis burden in Pakistan.
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