ArticleMolecular human reproduction2009
Conservation of mechanisms mediating gonadotrophin-releasing hormone 1 stimulation of human luteinizing hormone beta subunit transcription.
Article in Molecular human reproduction, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- GnRH pulse frequency is decoded by distinct GαHormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Article
- Whole-genome de novo sequencing reveals genomic variants associated with differences of sex development in SRY negative pigs.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- ZEB1 Inhibits LHβ Subunit Transcription When Overexpressed, but Is Dispensable for LH Synthesis in Mice.Endocrinology · 2024Article
- Analysis ofGenes · 2023Article
- Article
- Steroidogenic Factor 1 Regulates Transcription of the Inhibin B Coreceptor in Pituitary Gonadotrope Cells.Endocrinology · 2022Article
- Murine FSH Production Depends on the Activin Type II Receptors ACVR2A and ACVR2B.Endocrinology · 2020Article
- Divergent expression patterns of pituitary gonadotropin subunit and GnRH receptor genes to continuous GnRH in vitro and in vivo.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Stem Cells, Self-Renewal, and Lineage Commitment in the Endocrine System.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
- Gonadotropin regulation by pulsatile GnRH: Signaling and gene expression.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2018Review
- Chromatin status and transcription factor binding to gonadotropin promoters in gonadotrope cell lines.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2017Article
- GnRH Pulse Frequency Control of Fshb Gene Expression Is Mediated via ERK1/2 Regulation of ICER.Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2016Article
- Genetic regulation of murine pituitary development.Journal of molecular endocrinology · 2015Review
- Influence of stress-induced intermediates on gonadotropin gene expression in gonadotrope cells.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2014Review
- GnRH pulse frequency-dependent differential regulation of LH and FSH gene expression.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2014Review
- Article
- CREB binding protein (CBP) activation is required for luteinizing hormone beta expression and normal fertility in mice.Molecular and cellular biology · 2012Article
- Article
- GnRH signaling, the gonadotrope and endocrine control of fertility.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2010Review
- GnRH pulsatility, the pituitary response and reproductive dysfunction.Endocrine journal · 2009Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GNRH1) regulates pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH). Previous studies have delineated a mechanism for GNRH1-induced LHbeta subunit gene (Lhb) transcription, the rate-limiting step in LH production. GNRH1 induces expression of early growth response 1 (EGR1), which interacts with steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) and paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 1 (PITX1) to regulate Lhb promoter activity. Though the cis-elements for these factors are conserved across species, regulation of human LHB transcription has not been thoroughly investigated. We therefore characterized LHB transcriptional regulation by GNRH1 using promoter-reporter analyses in LbetaT2 cells. GNRH1 stimulated LHB transcription via an extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway. EGR1 bound to two binding sites on the LHB promoter and this binding was increased by GNRH1. Mutation of either site or knockdown of endogenous EGR1 decreased basal and/or GNRH1-regulated promoter activity. The human LHB promoter also contains low and high affinity SF1 binding sites. Mutation of these elements or depletion of endogenous SF1 impaired basal and ligand-induced transcription. Knockdown of PITX1 or PITX2 isoforms impaired GNRH1 induction, and endogenous PITX1 bound to the candidate PITX binding site on the LHB promoter. Thus, the mechanism described for GNRH1 regulation of Lhb in other species is largely conserved for human LHB. We also uncover a previously unappreciated role for PITX2 isoforms in this process.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.