ArticleJournal of women's health (2002)
Maternal serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor levels and spontaneous preterm birth.
Article in Journal of women's health (2002). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is there a maternal blood biomarker that can predict spontaneous preterm birth prior to labour onset? A systematic review.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of Oral ProbioticNutrients · 2020Trial
- The single-cell immune profile throughout gestation and its potential value for identifying women at risk for spontaneous preterm birth.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2025Review
- Maternal cytokine profiles in second and early third trimester are not predictive of preterm birth.PloS one · 2024Article
- First and second trimester immune biomarkers in preeclamptic and normotensive women.Pregnancy hypertension · 2016Article
- Urinary cytokine and chemokine profiles across the menstrual cycle in healthy reproductive-aged women.Fertility and sterility · 2014Article
- Comparison of serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor levels between preterm and term births.Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association · 2014Article
- Assessment of skewed exposure in case-control studies with pooling.Statistics in medicine · 2012Article
- The role of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the neutrophilia observed in the fetal inflammatory response syndrome.Journal of perinatal medicine · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivePreterm birth (PTB) remains a cause of substantial morbidity with an elusive etiology. Previous studies suggested an association of PTB with elevated serum levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) at 28 weeks gestation. G-CSF, a hematopoietic cytokine, mediates the increase in leukocytes in pregnancy and may play a role in placentation. We evaluated the association between maternal serum G-CSF in the first and second trimesters and PTB.
methodsSerum samples collected for the Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP) from women with normal pregnancy (n = 394) and PTB (n = 31), defined as delivery before 37 weeks gestation, were used to assess G-CSF levels. Linear regression was used to evaluate the relation of G-CSF with gestational age (GA) at birth. Logistic regression, conditional on GA at sample provision, was used to model the association between G-CSF and PTB.
resultsG-CSF was significantly associated with gestational age at birth (p = 0.02). In conditional logistic regression models, G-CSF was significantly associated with PTB, with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 1.52 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07, 2.16) per standard deviation (SD) increase.
conclusionsAcute effects of G-CSF on PTB have been suggested. In our study we observed an association of higher serum G-CSF levels early in the second trimester with PTB, suggesting PTB as the culmination process beginning early in, if not before, pregnancy.
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Registered trials
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