ArticleBiological psychiatry2009
Elevated cerebrospinal fluid lactate concentrations in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: implications for the mitochondrial dysfunction hypothesis.
Article in Biological psychiatry, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with psychotic disorders compared to healthy controls: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review of gut microbiota composition in observational studies of major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Searching for biomarkers in schizophrenia and psychosis: Case-control study using capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry and systematic review for biofluid metabolites.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2022Pooled it
- A placebo-controlled trial of acetyl-L-carnitine and α-lipoic acid in the treatment of bipolar depression.Journal of clinical psychopharmacology · 2013Trial
- Ferroptosis in depression: mechanisms, association, and therapeutic strategies.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- From brain bioenergetics to hypothalamic glucoregulation: A shared-systems hypothesis for intrinsic dysglycemia in schizophrenia.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- The Role of the Ketogenic Diet in Modulating Biochemical Pathophysiology in Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Leigh Syndrome Due to the Variant c.1019T>C in COX15.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- Increased Cerebrospinal Fluid Lactate Levels in Schizophrenia and Major Depressive Disorder: NCNP Biobank Study in Japan.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2026Article
- Metabolic Mechanisms in Electroconvulsive Therapy for Schizophrenia: Role, Potential and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- From energy metabolism to mood regulation: The rise of lactate as a therapeutic target.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Reconceptualizing bipolar disorder through an integrative biological lens: synthesis, convergence, and emerging directions.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial CISD1 Modulates Microglial Metabolic Reprogramming to Drive Stress Susceptibility in Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial control of blood-brain barrier homeostasis in neuroinflammatory psychiatric disorders.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Blood and neuronal extracellular vesicle mitochondrial disruptions in schizophrenia.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- The Etiological Role of Impaired Neurogenesis in Schizophrenia: Interactions with Inflammatory, Microbiome and Hormonal Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Association between endogenous lactate accumulation and dysregulated activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in schizophrenia.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Impact of lifetime stressor exposure on neuroenergetics in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Schizophrenia research · 2024Article
- The Underlying Neurobiological Mechanisms of Psychosis: Focus on Neurotransmission Dysregulation, Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEvidence is accumulating that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of lactate, a product of extra-mitochondrial glucose metabolism, is commonly elevated in individuals with mitochondrial disorders, especially those with neuropsychiatric symptoms. We tested the hypothesis that patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia would, on average, have elevated CSF lactate concentrations compared with healthy control subjects.
methodsThe CSF lactate and CSF and plasma glucose concentrations were measured with a YSI (YSI, Yellow Springs, Ohio) 2300 STAT Plus Glucose & Lactate Analyzer in 15 samples from each of three groups of subjects: bipolar I disorder patients, schizophrenic patients, and healthy control subjects.
resultsMean CSF lactate concentrations were significantly higher in bipolar (1.76 +/- .38) and schizophrenic subjects (1.61 +/- .31) compared with control subjects (1.31 +/- .21 mmol/L). These differences persisted after adjusting means for CSF glucose concentration, which correlated positively with CSF lactate concentration.
conclusionsThis is the first report of increased CSF lactate concentrations in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Elevated CSF lactate indicates increased extra-mitochondrial and anaerobic glucose metabolism and is consistent with impaired mitochondrial metabolism. Measuring CSF lactate concentration might help identify bipolar and schizophrenic patients with mitochondrial dysfunction who might benefit from research to elucidate and ultimately rectify possible mitochondrial pathology underlying these disorders.
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