ArticleWomen's health (London, England)2009
Long-term effects of bilateral oophorectomy on brain aging: unanswered questions from the Mayo Clinic Cohort Study of Oophorectomy and Aging.
Article in Women's health (London, England), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis: Early Age at Natural Menopause and Risk for All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality.BioMed research international · 2021Pooled it
- Review
- Premenopausal bilateral oophorectomy leads to steeper declines in gray matter volume and alterations in perfusion and brain bioenergetics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- BRCA1 and BRCA2: from cancer susceptibility to synthetic lethality.Genes & development · 2025Review
- Exploring the effects of estrogen deficiency and aging on organismal homeostasis during menopause.Nature aging · 2024Review
- The Ovary-Brain Connection.Cells · 2024Article
- Endocrine Dyscrasia in the Etiology and Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024Review
- Gynecological surgery in adulthood imparts cognitive and brain changes in rats: A focus on hysterectomy at short-, moderate-, and long-term intervals after surgery.Hormones and behavior · 2023Article
- Article
- Differential effects of western versus mediterranean diets and psychosocial stress on ovarian function in female monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2023Article
- Cognitive Decline in Early and Premature Menopause.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The Interplay Among Natural Menopause, Insomnia, and Cognitive Health: A Population-Based Study.Nature and science of sleep · 2023Article
- The geography of the age at menopause in central Portugal since the early twentieth century.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Vasomotor symptoms of menopause, autonomic dysfunction, and cardiovascular disease.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2022Review
- Association of Premenopausal Bilateral Oophorectomy With Parkinsonism and Parkinson Disease.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Strategies for Maintaining Brain Health: The Role of Stroke Risk Factors Unique to Elderly Women.Stroke · 2022Review
- Dietary patterns are associated with improved ovarian reserve in overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study of the Lifestyle and Ovarian Reserve (LORe) cohort.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2022Article
- Associations of Age at Menopause With Postmenopausal Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Risk in Women.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
- Intra-ovarian injection of bone marrow-derived c-KitBioImpacts : BI · 2022Article
- Association of Premenopausal Bilateral Oophorectomy With Cognitive Performance and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment.JAMA network open · 2021Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In the Mayo Clinic Cohort Study of Oophorectomy and Aging, women who had both ovaries removed before reaching natural menopause experienced a long-term increased risk of parkinsonism, cognitive impairment or dementia, and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Here, we discuss five possible mechanistic interpretations of the observed associations; first, the associations may be non-causal because they result from the confounding effect of genetic variants or of other risk factors; second, the associations may be mediated by an abrupt reduction in levels of circulating estrogen; third, the associations may be mediated by an abrupt reduction in levels of circulating progesterone or testosterone; fourth, the associations may be mediated by an increased release of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland; and fifth, genetic variants may modify the hormonal effects of bilateral oophorectomy through simple or more complex interactions. Results from other studies are cited as evidence for or against each possible mechanism. These putative causal mechanisms are probably intertwined, and their clarification is a research priority.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.