ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1991
Somatic mutation in constant regions of mouse lambda 1 light chains.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1991. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Affinity Maturation for Antibody Engineering: The Critical Role of Residues on CDR Loops of Antibodies in Antigen Binding.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Secondary mechanisms of diversification in the human antibody repertoire.Frontiers in immunology · 2013Article
- Genome-wide somatic hypermutation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2004Article
- The intrinsic hypermutability of antibody heavy and light chain genes decays exponentially.The EMBO journal · 2001Article
- The reverse transcriptase model of somatic hypermutation.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2001Review
- Genetic plasticity of V genes under somatic hypermutation: statistical analyses using a new resampling-based methodology.Genome research · 1999Article
- Article
- The transcriptional promoter regulates hypermutation of the antibody heavy chain locus.The Journal of experimental medicine · 1997Article
- The promotion of V region hypermutation.The Journal of experimental medicine · 1997Article
- Somatic mutation of immunoglobulin lambda chains: a segment of the major intron hypermutates as much as the complementarity-determining regions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1994Article
- Comparison of somatic mutation frequency among immunoglobulin genes.The Journal of experimental medicine · 1994Article
- Hypermutation is observed only in antibody H chain V region transgenes that have recombined with endogenous immunoglobulin H DNA: implications for the location of cis-acting elements required for somatic mutation.The Journal of experimental medicine · 1993Article
- Somatic hypermutation of an immunoglobulin mu heavy chain transgene.The Journal of experimental medicine · 1993Article
- Mutation pattern of immunoglobulin transgenes is compatible with a model of somatic hypermutation in which targeting of the mutator is linked to the direction of DNA replication.The EMBO journal · 1991Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To study the distribution of somatic mutation, we determined nucleotide sequences of rearranged lambda 1-chain genomic DNA from four hybridomas obtained from C57BL/6 mice that had been immunized with (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl-conjugated chicken gamma globulin. In total, 114 nucleotide substitutions were observed, with neither insertion nor deletion. Sixty-one mutations occurred in the variable-joining region genes (V lambda 1-J lambda 1) and 49 in joining-constant (J lambda 1-C lambda 1) introns. Although frequency decreased with distance from the V lambda 1-J lambda 1 coding region, somatic mutations occurred in the entire J lambda 1-C lambda 1 intron and even in the C lambda 1 region. We found four nucleotide substitutions in C lambda 1 genes, all of which were replacement mutations. Therefore, the mechanism responsible for somatic mutation is operative into the C lambda 1 exons. Nucleotide sequences of rearranged but inactive lambda 2-chain genes from two hybridomas were also examined and compared with those of lambda 1-chain genes. The clustering of replacement mutations in complementarity-determining regions in the inactive lambda 2-chain genes similar to the active lambda 1-chain genes suggested a mechanism that induces somatic mutation preferentially in this region even in the absence of antigenic selection.
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