ArticlePlacenta2009
Increased TLR4 expression in murine placentas after oral infection with periodontal pathogens.
Article in Placenta, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Pathways and Mechanisms of Periodontitis Contributing to Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2023Pooled it
- Chromosomal Instability and Periodontal Disease in Idiopathic Infertility: Evidence of a Possible Association.Biology · 2025Article
- Housed feeding improves rumen health by influencing the composition of the microbiota in Honghe cattle.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Yeast hydrolysate attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses and intestinal barrier damage in weaned piglets.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Long-Term Dietary Supplementation with Betaine Improves Growth Performance, Meat Quality and Intramuscular Fat Deposition in Growing-Finishing Pigs.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Maternal-Fetal Gut Microbiota Axis: Physiological Changes, Dietary Influence, and Modulation Possibilities.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Role of galectin-glycan circuits in reproduction: from healthy pregnancy to preterm birth (PTB).Seminars in immunopathology · 2020Review
- Insight Into TLR4-Mediated Immunomodulation in Normal Pregnancy and Related Disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Evidence that intra-amniotic infections are often the result of an ascending invasion - a molecular microbiological study.Journal of perinatal medicine · 2019Article
- Maternal-Fetal Conflict During Infection: Lessons From a Mouse Model of Placental Malaria.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Fetal and Maternal Innate Immunity Receptors Have Opposing Effects on the Severity of Experimental Malaria in Pregnancy: Beneficial Roles for Fetus-Derived Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Type I Interferon Receptor 1.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- Review
- Role of Maternal Periodontitis in Preterm Birth.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Downregulate Placental Adiponectin and Increase Embryo Loss in Non-Obese Diabetic Mice.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2016Article
- Porphyromonas gingivalis within Placental Villous Mesenchyme and Umbilical Cord Stroma Is Associated with Adverse Pregnancy Outcome.PloS one · 2016Article
- Proteomic profiling of host-biofilm interactions in an oral infection model resembling the periodontal pocket.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Toll-Like Receptors: A Key Marker for Periodontal Disease and Preterm Birth - A Contemporary Review.Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR · 2015Review
- Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2015Review
- Article
- The microbiome, parturition, and timing of birth: more questions than answers.Journal of reproductive immunology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Maternal periodontitis has emerged as a putative risk factor for preterm births in humans. The periodontitis-associated dental biofilm is thought to serve as an important source of oral bacteria and related virulence factors that hematogenously disseminate and affect the fetoplacental unit; however the underlying biological mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. This study hypothesized that an oral infection with the human periodontal pathogens Campylobacter rectus and Porphyromonas gingivalis is able to induce fetal growth restriction, placental inflammation and enhance Toll-like receptors type 4 (TLR4) expression in a murine pregnancy model. Female Balb/C mice (n = 40) were orally infected with C. rectus and/or P. gingivalis over a 16-week period and mated once/week. Pregnant mice were sacrificed at embryonic day (E) 16.5 and placentas were collected and analyzed for TLR4 mRNA levels and qualitative protein expression by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. TLR4 mRNA expression was found to be increased in the C. rectus-infected group (1.98 +/- 0.886-fold difference, P < 0.01, ANOVA) compared to controls. Microscopic analysis of murine placentas showed enhanced immunofluorescence of TLR4 in trophoblasts, mainly in the placental labyrinth layer. Also, combined oral infection with C. rectus and P. gingivalis significantly reduced the overall fecundity compared to controls (16.7% vs. 75%, infected vs. non-infected mice respectively, P = 0.03, Kaplan-Meier). The results supported an enhanced placental TLR4 expression after oral infection with periodontal pathogens. The TLR4 pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of preterm births; therefore the abnormal regulation of placental TLR4 may give new insights into how maternal periodontitis and periodontal pathogens might be linked to placental inflammation and preterm birth pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.