Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19094236›Full record

ArticleBMC medical genetics2008

Genome wide association for substance dependence: convergent results from epidemiologic and research volunteer samples.

Catherine Johnson, Tomas Drgon, Qing-Rong Liu, Ping-Wu Zhang, Donna Walther, Chuan-Yun Li, James C Anthony, Yulan Ding, William W Eaton, George R Uhl

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical genetics, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Catherine JohnsonMolecular Neurobiology Branch, NIH-IRP (NIDA), Suite 3510, 333 Cassell Drive Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. johnsoncat@intra.nida.nih.gov
Tomas Drgon
Qing-Rong Liu
Ping-Wu Zhang
Donna Walther
Chuan-Yun Li
James C Anthony
Yulan Ding
William W Eaton
George R Uhl
National Institute on Drug Abuse · USJohns Hopkins University · USMichigan State University · USNational Institutes of Health · USPeking University · CN

Funding

Genetic Approaches To Characterizing Drug Responses And Vulnerabilities: HumansZIADA000401 · NIDA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE · PI UHL, GEORGE RICHARD · 2009 to 2015
$3.4M
Drug Dependence Epidemiology and EnviromicsK05DA015799 · NIDA · MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY · PI ANTHONY, JAMES CHRISTOPHER · 2003 to 2015
$1.4M
EPIDEMIOLOGIC CATCHMENT AREA - EAST BALTIMOREU01MH033870 · NIMH · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI KRAMER, MORTON · 1985 to 1985
–
Intramural NIH HHSNIDA NIH HHS K05 DA015799NIMH NIH HHS UO1 MH 33870PHS HHS R01-47447PHS HHS T32-14592
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDependences on addictive substances are substantially-heritable complex disorders whose molecular genetic bases have been partially elucidated by studies that have largely focused on research volunteers, including those recruited in Baltimore. Maryland. Subjects recruited from the Baltimore site of the Epidemiological Catchment Area (ECA) study provide a potentially-useful comparison group for possible confounding features that might arise from selecting research volunteer samples of substance dependent and control individuals. We now report novel SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) genome wide association (GWA) results for vulnerability to substance dependence in ECA participants, who were initially ascertained as members of a probability sample from Baltimore, and compare the results to those from ethnically-matched Baltimore research volunteers.

resultsWe identify substantial overlap between the home address zip codes reported by members of these two samples. We find overlapping clusters of SNPs whose allele frequencies differ with nominal significance between substance dependent vs control individuals in both samples. These overlapping clusters of nominally-positive SNPs identify 172 genes in ways that are never found by chance in Monte Carlo simulation studies. Comparison with data from human expressed sequence tags suggests that these genes are expressed in brain, especially in hippocampus and amygdala, to extents that are greater than chance.

conclusionThe convergent results from these probability sample and research volunteer sample datasets support prior genome wide association results. They fail to support the idea that large portions of the molecular genetic results for vulnerability to substance dependence derive from factors that are limited to research volunteers.

Indexed as

Genome, HumanGenome-Wide Association StudyAllelesBaltimoreCase-Control StudiesFemaleGene FrequencyHumansMalePolymorphism, Single NucleotideSubstance-Related DisordersWhite People

Identifiers

PMID19094236
PMCPMC2637238
OpenAlexW2066480642

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.