Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19085986›Full record

ArticleCurrent protocols in cell biology2008

Three-dimensional tissue models of normal and diseased skin.

Mark W Carlson, Addy Alt-Holland, Christophe Egles, Jonathan A Garlick

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current protocols in cell biology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. IFN-κ directs antiviral immunity in human skin.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Efficient Dual Cas9 Nickase Correction of a Prevalent PathogenicJID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025
    Article
  9. Enhanced HDR-mediated correction of heterozygousMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025
    Article
  10. Co-infection of HSV-1 amplicons containing theBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. In-vitro external fixation pin-site model proof of concept: A novel approach to studying wound healing in transcutaneous implants.Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mark W CarlsonSchool of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Addy Alt-Holland
Christophe Egles
Jonathan A Garlick

Funding

Training in Education and Critical Research SkillsK12GM074869 · NIGMS · TUFTS UNIVERSITY BOSTON · PI MOORE, CLAIRE L · 2006 to 2017
$8.5M
Bioengineered Oral Mucosa from Embryonic Stem Cells for Regenerative MedicineR01DE017413 · NIDCR · TUFTS UNIVERSITY BOSTON · PI GARLICK, JONATHAN A · 2007 to 2011
$2.0M
NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE017413NIGMS NIH HHS K12 GM074869
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over the last decade, the development of in vitro, human, three-dimensional (3D) tissue models, known as human skin equivalents (HSEs), has furthered understanding of epidermal cell biology and provided novel experimental systems. Signaling pathways that mediate the linkage between growth and differentiation function optimally when cells are spatially organized to display the architectural features seen in vivo, but are uncoupled and lost in two-dimensional culture systems. HSEs consist of a stratified squamous epithelium grown at an air-liquid interface on a collagen matrix populated with dermal fibroblasts. These 3D tissues demonstrate in vivo-like epithelial differentiation and morphology, and rates of cell division, similar to those found in human skin. This unit describes fabrication of HSEs, allowing the generation of human tissues that mimic the morphology, differentiation, and growth of human skin, as well as disease processes of cancer and wound re-epithelialization, providing powerful new tools for the study of diseases in humans.

Indexed as

Models, Biological3T3 CellsAnimalsCell Culture TechniquesCells, CulturedHumansMiceSkinSkin Physiological PhenomenaTissue EngineeringWound Healing

Identifiers

PMID19085986
PMCPMC2811850

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.