ArticleFuture virology2008
Axonal degeneration as a self-destructive defense mechanism against neurotropic virus infection.
Article in Future virology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differentiated LUHMES Cells as a Model to Investigate Neurotropic Arboviruses and Evaluate Host-Directed Therapeutics.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Oligodendrocyte and Myelin Pathophysiology in Multiple Sclerosis.Advances in neurobiology · 2025Review
- SARM1 detection in myelinating glia:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
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- Zika virus vertical transmission in interferon receptor1-antagonized Rag1Acta neuropathologica communications · 2022Article
- Lessons from Injury: How Nerve Injury Studies Reveal Basic Biological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities for Peripheral Nerve Diseases.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2021Review
- CARD9 Deficiency Increases Hippocampal Injury Following Acute Neurotropic Picornavirus Infection but Does Not Affect Pathogen Elimination.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Early Transcriptional Changes in Rabies Virus-Infected Neurons and Their Impact on Neuronal Functions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Article
- Conditional Silencing of H-2DJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Facets of Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus-Induced Diseases: An Update.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Cytotoxic CD8Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Neurotoxicity of the Cyanotoxin BMAA Through Axonal Degeneration and Intercellular Spreading.Neurotoxicity research · 2018Article
- Theiler's Virus-Mediated Immunopathology in the CNS and Heart: Roles of Organ-Specific Cytokine and Lymphatic Responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Three immune-mediated disease models induced by Theiler's virus: Multiple sclerosis, seizures and myocarditis.Clinical & experimental neuroimmunology · 2016Article
- Viral Infection of the Central Nervous System Exacerbates Interleukin-10 Receptor Deficiency-Mediated Colitis in SJL Mice.PloS one · 2016Article
- Dynamic Changes of Microglia/Macrophage M1 and M2 Polarization in Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2015Article
- Limited role of regulatory T cells during acute Theiler virus-induced encephalitis in resistant C57BL/6 mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2014Article
- Wallerian degeneration: an emerging axon death pathway linking injury and disease.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2014Review
- Immunopathological patterns from EAE and Theiler's virus infection: Is multiple sclerosis a homogenous 1-stage or heterogenous 2-stage disease?Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) and other neurotropic virus infections result in degeneration of each component of the neuron: apoptosis of the cell body, axonal (Wallerian) degeneration, and dendritic and synaptic pathology. In general, axonal degeneration is detrimental for hosts. However, axonal degeneration can be beneficial in the case of infection with neurotropic viruses that spread in the CNS using axonal transport. C57BL/Wld(S) (Wld(S), Wallerian degeneration slow mutant) mice are protected from axonal degeneration. Wld(S) mice infected with the neurovirulent GDVII strain of TMEV are more resistant to virus infection than wild-type mice, suggesting that axonal preservation contributes to the resistance. By contrast, infection with the less virulent Daniels strain of TMEV results in high levels of virus propagation in the CNS, suggesting that prolonged survival of axons in Wld(S) mice favors virus spread. Thus, axonal degeneration might be a beneficial self-destruct mechanism that limits the spread of neurotropic viruses, in the case of less virulent virus infection. We hypothesize that neurons use 'built-in' self-destruct protection machinery (compartmental neurodegeneration) against neurotropic virus infection, since the CNS is an immunologically privileged site. Early induction of apoptosis in the neuronal cell body limits virus replication. Wallerian degeneration of the axon prevents axonal transport of virus. Dendritic and synaptic degeneration blocks virus transmission at synapses. Thus, the balance between neurodegeneration and virus propagation may be taken into account in the future design of neuroprotective therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.