ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2008
Protective T cell immunity against respiratory syncytial virus is efficiently induced by recombinant BCG.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03213405 (A Double Blind, Controlled by Conventional BCG, Dose-escalation Phase I Study, to Evaluate Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of a Mycobacterium Bovis BCG), which is not on this map. Cited by 69 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Double Blind, Controlled by Conventional BCG, Dose-escalation Phase I Study, to Evaluate Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of a Mycobacterium Bovis BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) Vaccine, 1331 Danish Strain, Live Attenuated and Recombinant for the Expression of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Nucleoprotein (N) in Healthy Males Within 18 and 50 Years of Age
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-term stability of the GMP-compliant recombinant BCG vaccine against human RSV under quality control analyses.iScience · 2026Article
- Reduced inflammatory and Th1 transcriptional profiles in geriatric versus adult cotton rats infected with respiratory syncytial virus.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Live Attenuated Influenza Virus as a Vector for Multivalent T-Cell Vaccines: Targeting RSV, hMPV, and PIV3.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Article
- Preclinical characterisation of the protective capacity of an anti-nucleoprotein hRSV monoclonal antibody.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Unleashing the power of the BCG vaccine in modulating viral immunity through heterologous protection: A scoping review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Recombinant BCG Expressing IL-12 as A Novel Immunomodulatory Strategy for Allergic Asthma: Opportunities and Challenges.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- A recombinant BCG with surface-displayed antigen induces humoral and cellular immune responses.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Beyond Tuberculosis: The Surprising Immunological Benefits of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Vaccine in Infectious, Auto-Immune, and Inflammatory Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Multifaceted roles of trained immunity in diverse pathological contexts.BMB reports · 2024Review
- Review
- Analysis of Measles and Rubella Immunoglobulin G Titers in COVID-19 Patients.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2024Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines: A Review of the Candidates and the Approved Vaccines.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- IgGκ Signal Peptide Enhances the Efficacy of an Influenza Vector Vaccine against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- New Developments and Challenges in Antibody-Based Therapies for the Respiratory Syncytial Virus.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Review
- Increased Heme Oxygenase 1 Expression upon a Primary Exposure to the Respiratory Syncytial Virus and a SecondaryAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- BCG-Based Vaccines Elicit Antigen-Specific Adaptive and Trained Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 andVaccines · 2022Article
- Current GMP standards for the production of vaccines and antibodies: An overview.Frontiers in public health · 2022Review
- Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine and Nonspecific Immunity.The American journal of the medical sciences · 2021Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the leading causes of childhood hospitalization and a major health burden worldwide. Unfortunately, because of an inefficient immunological memory, RSV infection provides limited immune protection against reinfection. Furthermore, RSV can induce an inadequate Th2-type immune response that causes severe respiratory tract inflammation and obstruction. It is thought that effective RSV clearance requires the induction of balanced Th1-type immunity, involving the activation of IFN-gamma-secreting cytotoxic T cells. A recognized inducer of Th1 immunity is Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), which has been used in newborns for decades in several countries as a tuberculosis vaccine. Here, we show that immunization with recombinant BCG strains expressing RSV antigens promotes protective Th1-type immunity against RSV in mice. Activation of RSV-specific T cells producing IFN-gamma and IL-2 was efficiently obtained after immunization with recombinant BCG. This type of T cell immunity was protective against RSV challenge and caused a significant reduction of inflammatory cell infiltration in the airways. Furthermore, mice immunized with recombinant BCG showed no weight loss and reduced lung viral loads. These data strongly support recombinant BCG as an efficient vaccine against RSV because of its capacity to promote protective Th1 immunity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.