ArticleInfection and immunity2009
Lactobacillus bulgaricus prevents intestinal epithelial cell injury caused by Enterobacter sakazakii-induced nitric oxide both in vitro and in the newborn rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of probiotics on experimental necrotizing enterocolitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric research · 2018Pooled it
- Article
- Article
- Bacteroides fragilis Strain ZY-312 Defense against Cronobacter sakazakii-Induced Necrotizing EnterocolitismSystems · 2019Article
- Lactobacillus murinus HF12 colonizes neonatal gut and protects rats from necrotizing enterocolitis.PloS one · 2018Article
- Can probiotics modulate human disease by impacting intestinal barrier function?The British journal of nutrition · 2017Review
- Bile acids regulate intestinal cell proliferation by modulating EGFR and FXR signaling.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2016Article
- Roles of nitric oxide and intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis.Journal of pediatric surgery · 2016Review
- Pathogenesis of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.Pediatric surgery international · 2015Review
- Novel approaches to improve the intrinsic microbiological safety of powdered infant milk formula.Nutrients · 2015Review
- The ErbB4 ligand neuregulin-4 protects against experimental necrotizing enterocolitis.The American journal of pathology · 2014Article
- Sub-inhibitory concentrations of trans-cinnamaldehyde attenuate virulence in Cronobacter sakazakii in vitro.International journal of molecular sciences · 2014Article
- Toll-like receptor regulation of intestinal development and inflammation in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2014Article
- Cronobacter: an emerging opportunistic pathogen associated with neonatal meningitis, sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2013Review
- The role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis.Seminars in pediatric surgery · 2013Review
- Synergistic protection of combined probiotic conditioned media against neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis-like intestinal injury.PloS one · 2013Article
- Human isolates of Cronobacter sakazakii bind efficiently to intestinal epithelial cells in vitro to induce monolayer permeability and apoptosis.The Journal of surgical research · 2012Article
- Involvement of the mannose receptor and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway of the microdomain of the integral membrane protein after enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection.Infection and immunity · 2012Article
- Interferon regulatory factor-1 regulates the autophagic response in LPS-stimulated macrophages through nitric oxide.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2012Article
- Lactobacillus reuteri strains reduce incidence and severity of experimental necrotizing enterocolitis via modulation of TLR4 and NF-κB signaling in the intestine.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2018-05-24Duplication of/in Image · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Objections by Third Party · · Prasadarao V Nemani aka Nemani V Prasadarao; Prasadarao V Nemani has ORI finding of misconduct: https://ori.hhs.gov/content/case-summary-nemani-prasadarao;
- Expression of concern · 2017-03-23Complaints about Author · Concerns/Issues about Data · Concerns/Issues about Image · Duplication of/in Image · Investigation by Company/Institution · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Updated to Retraction · · Prasadarao V Nemani aka Nemani V Prasadarao; Prasadarao V Nemani has ORI finding of misconduct: https://ori.hhs.gov/content/case-summary-nemani-prasadarao;
- Expression of concern
- Retracted
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Enterobacter sakazakii is an emerging pathogen that has been associated with outbreaks of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) as well as infant sepsis and meningitis. Our previous studies demonstrated that E. sakazakii induces NEC in a newborn rat model by inducing enterocyte apoptosis. However, the mechanisms responsible for enterocyte apoptosis are not known. Here we demonstrate that E. sakazakii induces significant production of nitric oxide (NO) in rat intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) upon infection. The elevated production of NO, which is due to increased expression of inducible NO synthase, is responsible for apoptosis of IEC-6 cells. Notably, pretreatment of IEC-6 cells with Lactobacillus bulgaricus (ATCC 12278) attenuated the upregulation of NO production and thereby protected the cells from E. sakazakii-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, pretreatment with L. bulgaricus promoted the integrity of enterocytes both in vitro and in the infant rat model of NEC, even after challenge with E. sakazakii. Infection of IEC-6 cells with E. sakazakii upregulated several genes related to apoptosis, cytokine production, and various signaling pathways, as demonstrated by rat gene array analysis, and this upregulation was subdued by pretreatment with L. bulgaricus. In agreement with these data, L. bulgaricus pretreatment protected newborn rats infected with E. sakazakii from developing NEC, resulting in improved survival.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.