ArticleJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)2009
Contribution of glycosaminoglycans to viscoelastic tensile behavior of human ligament.
Article in Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anterior cruciate ligament overuse increases collagen fibril compliance: collagen unraveling and elevated glycosaminoglycan activity in a murine model.Acta biomaterialia · 2026Article
- Experimental Assessment of Iris Water Content and Sex Differences in Mature Rabbits.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Regulators of ECM structure enable functional adaptation to tensile loading in tendon explants.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2026Article
- Hydration as a governing state variable in the mechanical and electrical response of decellularized extracellular matrix materials.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2026Article
- Sex Hormones & Exercise in the Musculoskeletal System: From Signaling to Structure and Function.Endocrine reviews · 2026Article
- Proteoglycan Dynamics and Bone Quality: Molecular Regulation to Age-Related Fragility.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Regulators of ECM Structure Enable Functional Adaptation to Tensile Loading in Tendon Explants.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Glycosaminoglycans influence regional mechanics in young but not old Achilles tendons.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Direct Scaffold-Coupled Electrical Stimulation of Chondrogenic Progenitor Cells through Graphene Foam Bioscaffolds to Control the Mechanical Properties of Graphene Foam-Cell Composites.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- The role of extracellular matrix viscoelasticity in development and disease.npj biological physics and mechanics · 2025Review
- Extracellular Matrix Components and Mechanosensing Pathways in Health and Disease.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Age-dependent changes in collagen crosslinks reduce the mechanical toughness of human meniscus.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2024Article
- An indentation-based framework for probing the glycosaminoglycan-mediated interactions of collagen fibrils.Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · 2023Article
- Detergent-Free Decellularization Preserves the Mechanical and Biological Integrity of Murine Tendon.Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods · 2022Article
- In vitro method to quantify and visualize mechanical wear in human meniscus subjected to joint loading.Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · 2022Article
- Decorin knockdown is beneficial for aged tendons in the presence of biglycan expression.Matrix biology plus · 2022Article
- The Role of the Non-Collagenous Extracellular Matrix in Tendon and Ligament Mechanical Behavior: A Review.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2022Review
- Proteoglycans play a role in the viscoelastic behaviour of the canine cranial cruciate ligament.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Tensile Viscoelastic Properties of the Sclera after Glycosaminoglycan Depletion.Current eye research · 2021Article
- Elastase treatment of tendon specifically impacts the mechanical properties of the interfascicular matrix.Acta biomaterialia · 2021Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The viscoelastic properties of human ligament potentially guard against structural failure, yet the microstructural origins of these transient behaviors are unknown. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are widely suspected to affect ligament viscoelasticity by forming molecular bridges between neighboring collagen fibrils. This study investigated whether GAGs directly affect viscoelastic material behavior in human medial collateral ligament (MCL) by using nondestructive tensile tests before and after degradation of GAGs with chondroitinase ABC (ChABC). Control and ChABC treatment (83% GAG removal) produced similar alterations to ligament viscoelasticity. This finding was consistent at different levels of collagen fiber stretch and tissue hydration. On average, stress relaxation increased after incubation by 2.2% (control) and 2.1% (ChABC), dynamic modulus increased after incubation by 3.6% (control) and 3.8% (ChABC), and phase shift increased after incubation by 8.5% (control) and 8.4% (ChABC). The changes in viscoelastic behavior after treatment were significantly more pronounced at lower clamp-to-clamp strain levels. A 10% difference in the water content of tested specimens had minor influence on ligament viscoelastic properties. The major finding of this study is that mechanical interactions between collagen fibrils and GAGs are unrelated to tissue-level viscoelastic mechanics in mature human MCL. These findings narrow the possible number of extracellular matrix molecules that have a direct contribution to ligament viscoelasticity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.